I-carbon fibre composite inomthelela kanjani ekungathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon?

Ukonga Amandla Nokuncishiswa Kokukhishwa Komkhiqizo: Izinzuzo Ezingasindi ZeCarbon Fiber Ziya Zibonakala Kakhudlwana

I-carbon fiberipulasitiki eqinisiwe(i-CFRP) yaziwa njengengasindi futhi iqinile, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo emikhakheni efana nezindiza nezimoto kube nomthelela ekwehliseni isisindo kanye nokwenza ngcono ukonga kukaphethiloli. Ngokwe-Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) yomthelela ophelele wezemvelo kusukela ekwenziweni kwezinto kuya ekulahlweni okwenziwa yi-Japan Carbon Fiber Manufacturers Association, ukusetshenziswa kwe-CFRP kunomthelela omkhulu ekwehlisweni kokukhishwa kwe-CO2.

Inkundla yezindiza:lapho ukusetshenziswa kwe-carbon fiber composite CFRP endizeni yabagibeli enosayizi omaphakathi kufinyelela ku-50% (njengaku-Boeing 787 kanye ne-Airbus A350 CFRP umthamo weqile ku-50%), inanii-carbon fiberesetshenziswa endizeni ngayinye imayelana amathani angama-20, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto zendabuko zingafinyelela ku-20% engasindi, ngokusho kwezindiza eziyi-2,000 ngonyaka, isigaba ngasinye esingamamayela angama-500, iminyaka eyi-10 yokusebenza, indiza ngayinye inganciphisa amathani angama-27,000 we-CO2 indiza ngayinye ku-10. iminyaka yokusebenza, ngokusekelwe ezindizeni ezingu-2,000 ngonyaka kanye namamayela angu-500 ngendiza ngayinye.

Inkambu yezimoto:Lapho i-CFRP isetshenziselwa u-17% wesisindo somzimba wemoto, ukunciphisa isisindo kuthuthukisa ukonga kukaphethiloli futhi kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 ngenani elihlanganisiwe lamathani angu-5 we-CO2 ekhishwa ngemoto ngayinye esebenzisa i-CFRP, ngokusekelwe ebangeni lokushayela impilo yonke lamakhilomitha angu-94,000 futhi Iminyaka engu-10 yokusebenza, uma iqhathaniswa nezimoto ezivamile ezingasebenzisi i-CFRP.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, uguquko lwezokuthutha, ukukhula kwamandla amasha kanye nezidingo zemvelo kulindeleke ukuthi kudale amathuba ebhizinisi amasha e-carbon fiber. Ngokusho kweToray yaseJapan, isidingo somhlaba wonke sokui-carbon fiberkubikezelwa ukuthi izokhula ngenani lonyaka lika-17% ngo-2025. Ezicelweni ze-aerospace, i-Toray ilindele isidingo esisha se-carbon fiber "yezimoto ezindizayo" njengama-air cabs nama-drones amakhulu, ngaphezu kwezindiza zezentengiselwano.

Amandla omoya: izicelo ze-carbon fibre ziyakhula

Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza amandla omoya, ukufakwa kwezinga elikhulu kwenzeka emhlabeni jikelele. Ngenxa yemikhawulo yesizinda, ukufakwa kuyashintshela ezindaweni ezingasogwini nezinomoya omncane, okuholela esidingweni esiphuthumayo sokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuphehla ugesi.

Ama-wind turbine blades amakhudlwana ayadingeka ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kahle kokuphehlwa kukagesi, kodwa ukuwakhiqiza kusetshenziswa okuvamilei-fiberglassizinhlanganisela zizenza kube lula ukuwohloka, okubeka ngaphambili ama-turbine blade engcupheni yokumpintsha umbhoshongo nokudangala umonakalo. Ngokusebenzisa izinto ze-CFRP ezisebenza kangcono, ukuhlehla kuzovinjelwa futhi isisindo sizoncishiswa, okuvumela ukwakhiwa kwamablade enjini yomoya amakhulu futhi kube nesandla ekwamukelweni okwengeziwe kwamandla omoya.

Ngokufaka isiceloi-carbon fiberihlanganisa izindwani zezinjini zomoya ezinamandla avuselelekayo, kungenzeka ukudala izinjini zomoya ezinama-blade amade kunangaphambili. Njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okucatshangelwayo kwe-turbine yomoya ngokulingana nesikwele sobude be-blade, ngokusebenzisa izinhlanganisela ze-carbon fibre kungenzeka ukuzuza usayizi omkhulu futhi ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe amandla okukhipha enjini yomoya.

Ngokohlaziyo lwakamuva lwesibikezelo semakethe olukhishwe yi-Toray ngoMeyi kulo nyaka, inkambu ye-2022-2025 ye-wind turbine blade ye-carbon fiber idinga isilinganiso sokukhula saminyaka yonke esingafika ku-23%; futhi kulindeleke ukuthi 2030 offshore umoya turbine blade isidingo for carbon fibre izofinyelela 92,000 amathani.

Amandla E-Hydrogen: Igalelo Le-Carbon Fiber Liya Libonakala Kakhudlwana

I-hydrogen eluhlaza ikhiqizwa ngamanzi a-electrolyzing kusetshenziswa ugesi okhiqizwa emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo njengelanga noma umoya. Njengomthombo wamandla ahlanzekile onomthelela ekungathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon, i-hydrogen eluhlaza ibilokhu idonsa ukunaka futhi isidingo sayo kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule kakhulu esikhathini esizayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kumaseli e-hydrogen fuel kuthola ukuduma kancane kancane futhi kulindeleke ukuthi kukhule kakhulu esikhathini esizayo.

Amasilinda okugcina i-hydrogen anengcindezi ephezulu enziwe ngamafayibha ekhabhoni anamandla amakhulu, iphepha le-carbon fibre elisetshenziswa njengezinto ze-electrode nezingqimba zokusabalalisa igesi, neminye imikhiqizo ineqhaza elihle ochungechungeni oluphelele lokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen, ukuthutha, ukugcinwa, nokusetshenziswa.

Ngokusebenzisai-carbon fiberemikhunjini yokucindezela, njengegesi yemvelo ecindezelwe (CNG) kanye namasilinda e-hydrogen, kungenzeka ukunciphisa ngokuphumelelayo isisindo nokwandisa ukucindezela kokuqhuma. Isidingo samasilinda e-CNG sezimoto ze-CNG ezisetshenziswa ezinsizeni zokulethwa ekhaya kanye namathangi okuthutha igesi yemvelo sikhula kancane kancane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isidingo se-carbon fiber esetshenziswa emikhunjini yokucindezela kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule ngokuzayo njengoba amasilinda okugcina i-hydrogen asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni zabagibeli, amaloli, ujantshi wesitimela, nemikhumbi esebenzisa amaseli kaphethiloli we-hydrogen.

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