Kuthiwani uma izinhlanganisela ze-polymer (GFRP) ze-glass fibre eziqinisiwe zingahlanganiswa ekupheleni kwempilo yazo ewusizo, ngaphezu kwamashumi eminyaka ezinzuzo ezifakazelwe zokunciphisa isisindo, amandla nokuqina, ukumelana nokugqwala nokuqina? Lokho, ngamafuphi, ukukhanga kobuchwepheshe be-ABM Composite.
Ingilazi ye-Bioactive, imicu yamandla aphezulu
Yasungulwa ngo-2014, i-Arctic Biomaterials Oy (Tampere, Finland) isungule i-biodegradable glass fiber eyenziwe ngalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ingilazi ye-bioactive, u-Ari Rosling, umqondisi we-R&D kwa-ABM Composite, ayichaza ngokuthi "ukwakheka okukhethekile okwasungulwa ngawo-1960 okuvumela ingilazi ukuthi ukwehlisela isithunzi ngaphansi kwezimo zomzimba. Lapho ifakwa emzimbeni, ingilazi ihlehla ibe usawoti wamaminerali ayizakhi, ikhiphe i-sodium, i-magnesium, i-phosphates, njll., ngaleyo ndlela idale isimo esikhuthaza ukukhula kwamathambo.”
“Inezici ezifanayo neI-alkali-free glass fiber (E-glass).” U-Rosling uthe, “Kodwa le ngilazi ye-bioactive kunzima ukuyikhiqiza nokudonsa emicu, futhi kuze kube manje ibisetshenziswa kuphela njengempushana noma i-putty. Ngokwazi kwethu, i-ABM Composite yaba yinkampani yokuqala ukwenza imicu yengilazi enamandla aphezulu ngayo esikalini sezimboni, futhi manje sisebenzisa le micu yengilazi ye-ArcBiox X4/5 ukuqinisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamapulasitiki, okuhlanganisa nama-polymers abolayo”.
Izimila zezokwelapha
Isifunda sase-Tampere, amahora amabili enyakatho ye-Helsinki, e-Finland, besiyisikhungo se-bio-based biodegradable polymers sezicelo zezokwelapha kusukela ngawo-1980's. U-Rosling uyachaza, “Esinye sezifakelo zokuqala ezitholakalayo ezithengiswayo ezenziwe ngalezi zinto zakhiqizwa e-Tampere, futhi yaqala kanjalo-ke i-ABM Composite! manje osekuyiyunithi yethu yebhizinisi lezokwelapha”.
"Maningi ama-biodegradable, ama-bioabsorbable polymers okufakelwa." Uyaqhubeka, “kodwa izici zabo eziwumshini zikude nethambo lemvelo. Sikwazile ukuthuthukisa lawa ma-polymers abolayo ukuze sinikeze ukufakelwa amandla afanayo namathambo emvelo”. U-Rosling waphawula ukuthi imicu yengilazi ye-ArcBiox yebanga lezokwelapha ngokwengezwa kwe-ABM ingathuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini yama-polymer e-PLLA angaboli ngo-200% kuya ku-500%.
Ngenxa yalokho, izimila ze-ABM Composite zinikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu kunokufakwa kwama-polymers angaqinisiwe, kuyilapho futhi kutholakala nge-bioabsorbable futhi kugqugquzela ukwakheka nokukhula kwamathambo. I-ABM Composite iphinde isebenzise amasu okubeka i-fibre/ama-strand azenzakalelayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuma okuhle kwefayibha, okuhlanganisa nokubeka imicu kubo bonke ubude bokufakelwa, kanye nokubeka imicu eyengeziwe ezindaweni okungenzeka zibe buthaka.
Izicelo zasekhaya nezokusebenza
Ngophiko lwayo lwebhizinisi lezokwelapha olukhulayo, i-ABM Composite ibona ukuthi ama-polymers asekelwe ku-bio-based kanye ne-biodegradable angasetshenziselwa i-kitchenware, i-cutlery nezinye izinto zasendlini. "Lawa ma-polymers abolayo ngokuvamile anezakhiwo ezimbi zemishini uma kuqhathaniswa namapulasitiki asekelwe ku-petroleum." U-Rosling uthe, “Kodwa singaziqinisa lezi zinto ngemicu yethu yengilazi ebolayo, sizenze zibe enye indlela ehlukile kumapulasitiki ezentengiselwano asekelwe ezinsalela zemvelo ukuze kusetshenziswe izinto eziningi zobuchwepheshe”.
Ngenxa yalokhu, i-ABM Composite ikhulise iyunithi yebhizinisi lezobuchwepheshe, manje eqashe abantu abangama-60. "Sinikeza izixazululo ezisimeme kakhulu zokuphela kwempilo (EOL)." U-Rosling uthi, "Isiphakamiso sethu se-value ukufaka lezi zinhlanganisela ezibolayo zibe yimisebenzi yezimboni lapho ziphenduka inhlabathi." Ingilazi ye-E yendabuko ayisebenzi futhi ngeke ize ilulazeke kulezi zindawo zokwenza umquba.
I-ArcBiox Fiber Composites
I-ABM Composite isungule izinhlobo ezahlukene zemicu yengilazi ye-ArcBiox X4/5 yokusetshenziswa okuyinhlanganisela, kusukelaimicu emifushanekanye nezinhlanganisela zokubumba umjovo ukuzeimicu eqhubekayongezinqubo ezifana nezindwangu kanye nokubunjwa kwe-pultrusion. Uhla lwe-ArcBiox BSGF luhlanganisa imicu yengilazi ebolayo nezinhlaka ze-polyester ezisekelwe ku-bio futhi itholakala kumabanga ajwayelekile obuchwepheshe kanye namamaki e-ArcBiox 5 agunyazwe ukusetshenziswa ezicelweni zokuxhumana zokudla.
I-ABM Composite iphinde yaphenya izinhlobonhlobo zama-polymers angaboli futhi asekelwe ku-bio okuhlanganisa i-Polylactic Acid (PLA), i-PLLA ne-Polybutylene Succinate (PBS). Umdwebo ongezansi ubonisa ukuthi imicu yengilazi ye-X4/5 ingathuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza ukuze iqhudelane nama-polymers aqinisiwe wengilazi afana ne-polypropylene (PP) kanye ne-polyamide 6 (PA6).
I-ABM Composite iphinde yaphenya izinhlobonhlobo zama-polymers angaboli ne-bio-based, okuhlanganisa i-Polylactic Acid (PLA), i-PLLA ne-Polybutylene Succinate (PBS). Umdwebo ongezansi ubonisa ukuthi imicu yengilazi ye-X4/5 ingathuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza ukuze iqhudelane nama-polymers aqinisiwe wengilazi afana ne-polypropylene (PP) kanye ne-polyamide 6 (PA6).
Ukuqina & Compostability
Uma lezi zinhlanganisela zibola, zizohlala isikhathi esingakanani? “Imicu yethu eyingilazi engu-X4/5 ayincibiliki emizuzwini emihlanu noma ngobusuku obubodwa njengoba kwenza ushukela, futhi nakuba izakhiwo zayo zizowohloka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngeke zibonakale.” U-Rosling uthi, “Ukwehlisa izinga ngendlela ephumelelayo, sidinga amazinga okushisa aphakeme kanye nomswakama isikhathi eside, njengoba kutholakala ku-vivo noma ezinqwabeni zomquba wezimboni. Isibonelo, sihlole izinkomishi nezitsha ezenziwe ngezinto zethu ze-ArcBiox BSGF, futhi zingamelana nemijikelezo yokuwasha izitsha engama-200 ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukusebenza. Kukhona ukucekelwa phansi kwezakhiwo zemishini, kodwa hhayi lapho izinkomishi zingaphephile ukusetshenziswa”.
Nokho, kubalulekile ukuthi uma lezi zinhlanganisela zilahlwa ekupheleni kwempilo yazo ewusizo, zihlangabezane nezidingo ezijwayelekile ezidingekayo zokwenza umquba, futhi i-ABM Composite yenze uchungechunge lokuhlola ukufakazela ukuthi iyahlangabezana nalawa mazinga. “Ngokwezindinganiso ze-ISO (zokwenziwa komquba wezimboni), ukuwohloka kwemvelo kufanele kwenzeke phakathi nezinyanga eziyisi-6 bese ukubola kungakapheli izinyanga ezi-3/90”. U-Rosling uthi, “Ukubola kusho ukubeka isampula/umkhiqizo ku-biomass noma umquba. ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-90, uchwepheshe uhlola i-biomass esebenzisa isisefo. ngemva kwamasonto angu-12, okungenani amaphesenti angu-90 omkhiqizo kufanele akwazi ukudlula kusisefo esingu-2 mm × 2 mm”.
I-Biodegradation inqunywa ngokugaya izinto ezimsulwa zibe yimpushana futhi kukalwe inani eliphelele le-CO2 elikhishwe ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-90. Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi ingakanani i-carbon content yenqubo yokwenza umquba iguqulwa ibe amanzi, i-biomass kanye ne-CO2. "Ukuze kuphumelele isivivinyo sokwenza umquba wezimboni, amaphesenti angama-90 wethiyori engu-100 wamaphesenti angu-CO2 kusukela kunqubo yokwenza umquba kufanele azuzwe (ngokusekelwe kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni)".
U-Rosling uthi i-ABM Composite ihlangabezane nezidingo zokubola kanye ne-biodegradation, futhi ukuhlolwa kubonise ukuthi ukungezwa kwe-glass fiber yayo ye-X4 empeleni kuthuthukisa i-biodegradability (bheka ithebula elingenhla), okuyi-78% kuphela yenhlanganisela ye-PLA engaqinisiwe, isibonelo. Uyachaza, "Kodwa-ke, lapho i-30% yethu ye-biodegradable glass fibers yengezwa, i-biodegradation yanda yafika ku-94%, kuyilapho izinga lokuwohloka lihlala lihle".
Ngenxa yalokhu, i-ABM Composite ibonise ukuthi izinto zayo zingagunyazwa njengezivundisiwe ngokuya nge-EN 13432. Ukuhlolwa izinto zayo esezidlulile kuze kube manje zifaka i-ISO 14855-1 ye-biodegradability yokugcina ye-aerobic yezinto ezingaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo zokuvundisa, i-ISO 16929 ye-aerobics. ukubola okulawulwayo, ISO DIN EN 13432 yezidingo zamakhemikhali, kanye ne-OECD 208 ukuhlolwa kwe-phytotoxicity, ISO DIN EN 13432.
I-CO2 ikhishwe ngesikhathi sokwenza umquba
Ngesikhathi sokwenza umquba, i-CO2 iyakhululwa ngempela, kodwa enye isala emhlabathini bese isetshenziswa izitshalo. Ukwenza umquba kucutshungulwe amashumi eminyaka, kokubili njengenqubo yezimboni kanye nenqubo yangemuva kokwenza umquba ekhipha i-CO2 encane kunezinye izindlela zokulahla imfucuza, futhi ukwenza umquba kusabhekwa njengenqubo yokunciphisa imvelo enobungani kanye ne-carbon footprint.
I-Ecotoxicity ihlanganisa ukuhlola i-biomass ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokwenza umquba kanye nezitshalo ezitshalwe ngale biomass. "Lokhu kwenzelwa ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ukwenza umquba kule mikhiqizo akulimazi izitshalo ezikhulayo." Kusho uRosling. Ukwengeza, i-ABM Composite ibonise ukuthi izinto zayo zihlangabezana nezidingo zokuwohloka kwemvelo ngaphansi kwezimo ze-compost yasekhaya, ezidinga futhi u-90% we-biodegradation, kodwa esikhathini esiyizinyanga eziyi-12, uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifushane sokwenza umquba wezimboni.
Izicelo zezimboni, ukukhiqiza, izindleko kanye nokukhula kwesikhathi esizayo
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-ABM Composite zisetshenziswa kwinani lezicelo zentengiso, kodwa okuningi ngeke kudalulwe ngenxa yezivumelwano zobumfihlo. URosling uthi: “Si-oda izinto zethu ukuze zivumelane nezinto ezisetshenziswayo njengezinkomishi, amasoso, amapuleti, okokudla nezitsha zokugcina ukudla,” kusho uRosling, “kodwa zibuye zisetshenziswe njengenye indlela esikhundleni samapulasitiki ane-petroleum ezitsheni zezimonyo nezinto ezinkulu zasendlini. Muva nje, izinto zethu ezisetshenziswayo zikhethiwe ukuze zisetshenziswe ekwenzeni izingxenye zokufakwa kwemishini emikhulu yezimboni ezidinga ukushintshwa njalo emavikini angama-2-12. Lezi zinkampani zibonile ukuthi ngokusebenzisa i-X4 glass fiber reinforcement, lezi zingxenye eziwumshini zingenziwa ngendlela edingekayo ukumelana nokugqokwa futhi ziyavuthwa ngemva kokusetshenziswa. Lesi yisixazululo esihehayo esikhathini esizayo esiseduze njengoba lezi zinkampani zibhekene nenselelo yokuhlangabezana nemithetho emisha yezemvelo kanye ne-CO2”.
U-Rosling wengeze wathi, “Kukhona nesithakazelo esikhulayo sokusebenzisa imicu yethu eqhubekayo ezinhlotsheni ezihlukene zezindwangu nezingalukwanga ukwenza izingxenye zesakhiwo semboni yezokwakha. Sibona nentshisekelo yokusebenzisa imicu yethu ebolayo ene-PA noma i-PP engaboli kodwa engaboli kanye nezinto ezifakwa ku-thermoset”.
Njengamanje, i-X4/5 fiberglass ibiza kakhulu kune-E-glass, kodwa amanani okukhiqiza nawo mancane uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi i-ABM Composite iphishekela inani lamathuba okwandisa izinhlelo zokusebenza nokwenza lula ukunqwabelana okufika kumathani angama-20,000 ngonyaka njengoba isidingo sikhula, okungase futhi kusize ekunciphiseni izindleko. Noma kunjalo, u-Rosling uthi ezimweni eziningi izindleko ezihlobene nokusimama kanye nezidingo zokulawula ezintsha azizange zicatshangelwe ngokugcwele. Okwamanje, ukuphuthuma kokusindisa iplanethi kuyakhula. "Umphakathi usuvele ufuna eminye imikhiqizo esekwe ku-bio." Uyachaza, "Kunezisusa eziningi zokuqhubekisela phambili ubuchwepheshe bokubuyisela kabusha, umhlaba udinga ukuhamba ngokushesha kulokhu futhi ngicabanga ukuthi umphakathi uzokwandisa kuphela ukucindezela kwawo kwemikhiqizo esekelwe ku-bio esikhathini esizayo".
I-LCA kanye Nenzuzo Yokusimama
U-Rosling uthi izinto ze-ABM Composite zehlisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla angavuseleleki ngamaphesenti angama-50-60 ngekhilogremu. “Sisebenzisa i-Environmental Footprint Database 2.0, idathasethi ye-GaBi egunyaziwe, kanye nezibalo ze-LCA (Life Cycle Analysis) zemikhiqizo yethu ngokusekelwe endleleni echazwe ku-ISO 14040 ne-ISO 14044″.
“Okwamanje, lapho izinhlanganisela zifinyelela ekupheleni komjikelezo wempilo yazo, kudingeka amandla amaningi ukuze kushiswe noma kucolise imfucuza eyinhlanganisela yemikhiqizo ye-EOL, futhi ukucucuza kanye nokwenza umquba kuyindlela ekhangayo, futhi ngokuqinisekile kungenye yeziphakamiso zenani elibalulekile esizinikezayo, futhi sihlinzeka ngohlobo olusha lokusebenziseka kabusha.” U-Rosling uthi, “I-fiberglass yethu yenziwe ngezinto zemvelo zamaminerali esezivele zikhona emhlabathini. Pho kungani ungahlanganisi izingxenye ze-compost EOL, noma ungancibilikisi imicu emikhiqizweni engaboli ngemva kokushiswa futhi uyisebenzise njengomanyolo? Lena inketho yokugaya kabusha enentshisekelo yangempela yomhlaba wonke”.
I-Shanghai Orisen New Material Technology Co., Ltd
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-27-2024