(I) Umqondo wei-epoxy resin
I-epoxy resin ibhekisela esakhiweni seketango le-polymer iqukethe amaqembu e-epoxy amabili noma ngaphezulu kuma-polymer compounds, ingeye-thermosetting resin, i-resin emele i-bisphenol A yohlobo lwe-epoxy resin.
(II) Izici ze-epoxy resins (evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-bisphenol A uhlobo lwe-epoxy resins)
1. Inani lomuntu ngamunye le-epoxy resin liphansi kakhulu, lidinga ukusetshenziswa kanye ne-ejenti yokwelapha ukuze libe nenani elingokoqobo.
2. Amandla okubopha okuphezulu: amandla okubopha we-epoxy resin adhesive aphambili kuma-synthetic adhesives.
3. Ukunciphisa ukuncipha kuncane, ku-adhesive epoxy resin adhesive shrinkage kuyinto encane kakhulu, ebuye ibe yi-epoxy resin adhesive ephulukisa ingcina iphezulu esinye sezizathu.
4. Ukungazweli kahle kwamakhemikhali: iqembu le-ether, iringi ye-benzene kanye neqembu le-aliphatic hydroxyl ohlelweni lokwelapha akugugulwa kalula yi-asidi ne-alkali. Emanzini olwandle, i-petroleum, i-parafini, 10% H2SO4, 10% HCl, 10% HAc, 10% NH3, 10% H3PO4 kanye ne-30% Na2CO3 ingasetshenziswa iminyaka emibili; kanye nokucwiliswa okungu-50% H2SO4 no-10% HNO3 ekamelweni lokushisa isigamu sonyaka; Ukucwiliswa okungu-10% NaOH (100 ℃) inyanga eyodwa, ukusebenza kuhlala kungashintshile.
5. Ukufakwa kukagesi okuhle kakhulu: i-voltage yokuwohloka ye-epoxy resin ingaba mkhulu kune-35kv/mm 6. Ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo, ukuzinza kosayizi womkhiqizo, ukumelana okuhle nokumuncwa kwamanzi aphansi. Izinzuzo ze-bisphenol A-type epoxy resin zinhle, kodwa futhi zinemibi yazo: ①. Ukusebenza kwe-viscosity, okubonakala kungasebenzi kahle ekwakhiweni ②. Impahla ephulukisiwe i-brittle, ubude buncane. ③. Amandla ekhasi aphansi. ④. Ukumelana kabi nokushaqeka komshini nokushisa.
(III) ukusetshenziswa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwei-epoxy resin
1. Umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwe-epoxy resin: i-epoxy resin yasetshenziswa ku-Swiss patent ngu-P.Castam ngo-1938, i-epoxy adhesive yokuqala yathuthukiswa ngu-Ciba ngo-1946, futhi i-epoxy coating yathuthukiswa yi-SOCreentee yase-USA ngo-1949, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni ze-epoxy resin kwaqalwa ngo-1958.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-epoxy resin: ① Imboni yokumboza: i-epoxy resin embonini yokumboza idinga inani elikhulu kunawo wonke lama-coatings asekelwe emanzini, izimbotshana eziyimpushana neziqinile eziphakeme zisetshenziswa kakhulu. Ingasetshenziswa kabanzi ezitsheni zamapayipi, izimoto, imikhumbi, i-aerospace, i-electronics, amathoyizi, imisebenzi yezandla nezinye izimboni. ② imboni kagesi neye-elekthronikhi: Ingcina ye-epoxy resin ingasetshenziselwa izinto zokufaka ugesi, njengezihlungi, iziguquli, izimbiza zokuvala; ukubekwa uphawu nokuvikelwa kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi; imikhiqizo ye-electromechanical, insulation kanye nokubopha; ukufakwa uphawu nokubopha amabhethri; ama-capacitors, ama-resistors, ama-inductors, ubuso bejazi. ③ Ubucwebe begolide, imisebenzi yezandla, imboni yezimpahla zemidlalo: ingasetshenziselwa izimpawu, ubucwebe, izimpawu zokuthengisa, ihadiwe, amarakhethi, izinto zokudoba, izinto zemidlalo, imisebenzi yezandla neminye imikhiqizo. ④ Imboni ye-Optoelectronic: ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa, ukugcwalisa kanye nokuhlanganisa ama-diode akhipha ukukhanya (i-LED), amashubhu edijithali, amashubhu ephikseli, izibonisi zikagesi, izibani ze-LED neminye imikhiqizo. ⑤Imboni yezokwakha: Izophinde isetshenziswe kabanzi emigwaqeni, ebhulohweni, ephansi, ekwakhekeni kwensimbi, ekwakhiweni, ekufakweni kodonga, idamu, ukwakhiwa kobunjiniyela, ukulungisa izinsalela zamasiko nezinye izimboni. ⑥ Izinamathiselo, ama-sealant kanye nenkambu yenhlanganisela: njengama-wind turbine blades, imisebenzi yezandla, izitsha zobumba, ingilazi nezinye izinhlobo zokubopha phakathi kwezinto, inhlanganisela yeshidi le-carbon fibre, ukuvala impahla ye-microelectronic nokunye.
(IV) Izici zei-epoxy resin adhesive
1. Ukunamathela kwe-epoxy resin kusekelwe ezicini ze-epoxy resin zokucubungula kabusha noma ukuguqulwa, ukuze imingcele yokusebenza kwayo ihambisane nezidingo ezithile, ngokuvamile i-epoxy resin adhesive nayo idinga ukuba ne-ejenti elaphayo ukuze isetshenziswe, futhi kudingeka ixutshwe ngendlela efanayo ukuze yelapheke ngokugcwele, inhlaka ye-epoxy resin ngokuvamile eyaziwa ngokuthi iglue A noma i-ejenti eyinhloko, into elaphayo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-B glue noma i-ejenti yokwelapha (i-hardener).
2. ukukhombisa izici eziyinhloko ze-epoxy resin adhesive ngaphambi kokwelapha yilezi: umbala, i-viscosity, amandla adonsela phansi athile, isilinganiso, isikhathi sejeli, isikhathi esitholakalayo, isikhathi sokuphulukisa, i-thixotropy (ukugeleza kokuyeka), ubulukhuni, ukungezwani kwendawo nokunye. I-Viscosity (i-Viscosity): ukumelana kwangaphakathi kokungqubuzana kwe-colloid ekugelezeni, inani layo linqunywa uhlobo lwento, izinga lokushisa, ukugxila kanye nezinye izici.
Isikhathi se-gel: ukuphulukiswa kweglue kuyinkqubo yokuguqulwa kusuka kuketshezi kuya ekuqinisweni, kusukela ekuqaleni kokusabela kweglue kuya esimweni esibucayi sejeli kuvame ukuba nesikhathi esiqinile sesikhathi sejeli, esinqunywa inani lokuxuba le-epoxy resin. iglue, izinga lokushisa nezinye izici.
Thixotropy: Lesi sici sisho i-colloid ethintwa amandla angaphandle (ukuzamazama, ukunyakazisa, ukudlidliza, amagagasi e-ultrasonic, njll.), ngamandla angaphandle ukusuka kokuwugqinsi kuya kozacile, lapho izici zangaphandle zokumisa indima ye-colloid ibuyela kweyokuqala lapho ukungaguquguquki kwesenzo.
Ukuqina: isho ukumelana kwento kumandla angaphandle njengokugqamisa nokuklwebheka. Ngokwezindlela ezihlukene zokuhlola Ukuqina koShore (Shore), Brinell (Brinell) hardness, Rockwell (Rockwell) hardness, Mohs (Mohs) hardness, Barcol (Barcol) hardness, Vickers (Vichers) ubulukhuni nokunye. Inani lobunzima nohlobo lomhloli wokuqina oluhlobene nomhloli wokuqina wokuqina ovame ukusetshenziswa, Isakhiwo sokuhlola ubulukhuni be-Shore silula, silungele ukuhlolwa kokukhiqiza, Umhloli wokuqina we-Shore angahlukaniswa abe uhlobo A, uhlobo C, uhlobo D, uhlobo lwe-A lokulinganisa ukuthambile i-colloid, C no-D-uhlobo lokulinganisa i-semi-hard ne-hard colloid.
Ukushuba kobuso: ukukhangwa kwama-molecule ngaphakathi koketshezi ukuze ama-molecule angaphezulu kwamandla angaphakathi, la mandla enza uketshezi ngangokunokwenzeka ukunciphisa indawo yalo kanye nokwakheka kokuhambisana nobuso bamandla, aziwa ngokuthi ukungezwani kwendawo. Noma ukudonsa okuhambisanayo phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili ezincikene zobuso boketshezi ngobude beyunithi ngayinye, kuwukubonakaliswa kwamandla wamangqamuzana. Iyunithi ye-surface tension ngu-N/m. Ubukhulu bokungezwani kwendawo buhlobene nemvelo, ubumsulwa kanye nezinga lokushisa loketshezi.
3. ukukhombisa izici zei-epoxy resin adhesivengemva kokwelapha izici eziyinhloko yilezi: ukumelana, i-voltage, ukumuncwa kwamanzi, amandla okucindezela, amandla e-tensile (tensile), amandla okugunda, amandla okucwecwa, amandla okuthinta, izinga lokushisa elihlanekezela ukushisa, izinga lokushisa lokushintsha kwengilazi, ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi, ukumelana namakhemikhali, ukwelula, ukushwabana kwe-coefficient , conductivity ezishisayo, conductivity kagesi, weathering, ukumelana ukuguga, nokunye.
Ukumelana: Chaza izici zokumelana nezinto ngokuvamile ezinokumelana nendawo noma ukumelana nevolumu. Ukumelana nobuso kumane kuyindawo efanayo phakathi kwama-electrode amabili alinganiswe inani lokumelana, iyunithi ingu-Ω. Ukuma kwe-electrode kanye nenani lokumelana kungabalwa ngokuhlanganisa ukumelana nokumelana kwendawo ngayinye yeyunithi. Ukumelana nevolumu, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukuphikiswa kwevolumu, i-coefficient yokumelana nevolumu, kubhekisela enanini lokumelana ngokuqina kwento, kuyinkomba ebalulekile yokubonakalisa izakhiwo zikagesi ze-dielectric noma izinto zokuvikela. Kuyinkomba ebalulekile yokubonisa izakhiwo zikagesi ze-dielectric noma izinto zokuvikela. 1cm2 ukumelana kwe-dielectric ekuvuzeni kwamanje, iyunithi ingu-Ω-m noma Ω-cm. i-resistivity enkulu, ingcono izakhiwo zokuvikela.
I-voltage yobufakazi: eyaziwa nangokuthi amandla we-voltage ukumelana (amandla okufakwa kwe-insulation), lapho i-voltage iphezulu engezwa ekugcineni kwe-colloid, ukushajwa okukhulu ngaphakathi kwempahla kungaphansi kwamandla kagesi, maningi amathuba okuthi ionize ukungqubuzana, okuholela ekutheni ukwephulwa kwe-colloid. Yenza ukuwohloka kwe-insulator ye-voltage ephansi kakhulu ibizwa ngokuthi into ye-voltage yokuphuka. Yenza ukuwohloka kwezinto ezivikelayo eziwugqinsi ongu-1 mm, udinga ukwengeza ama-voltage kilovolts abizwa ngokuthi insulating material insulation ukumelana namandla kagesi, okubizwa ngokuthi yi-standard voltage, iyunithi ithi: Kv/mm. ukufakwa kwe-insulating impahla kanye nezinga lokushisa kunobudlelwano obuseduze. Ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa, kubi kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-insulation ye-insulating material. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla okushisa, i-insulating impahla ngayinye inezinga lokushisa elifanele eliphezulu elivumelekile elivumelekile, kulokhu kushisa okungezansi, lingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha isikhathi eside, ngaphezu kwalokhu kushisa kuzoguga ngokushesha.
Ukumuncwa kwamanzi: Kuyisilinganiso sezinga into ethile emunca ngayo amanzi. Isho ukwanda kwephesenti kwesisindo sento ecwiliswe emanzini isikhathi esithile ezingeni lokushisa elithile.
Amandla aqinile: Amandla e-tensile ingcindezi enkulu yokuqina lapho ijeli yeluliwe ukuze iphuke. Eyaziwa nangokuthi amandla aqinile, amandla okuqina, amandla okuqina, amandla okuqina. Iyunithi i-MPa.
Amandla okugunda: eyaziwa nangokuthi amandla e-shear, ibhekisela endaweni yokubopha iyunithi ingamelana nomthwalo omkhulu ohambisana nendawo yokubopha, iyunithi evame ukusetshenziswa ye-MPa.
Amandla e-peel: eyaziwa nangokuthi amandla e-peel, umthwalo omkhulu womonakalo ngobubanzi beyunithi ngayinye ongamelana nayo, isilinganiso somugqa wamandla wamandla, iyunithi yi-kN / m.
Ukwelula: ibhekisela ku-colloid kumandla aqinile ngaphansi kwesenzo sobude bokukhuphuka kubude bangempela bephesenti.
Izinga lokushisa lokuphambuka kokushisa: ibhekisela esilinganisweni sokumelana nokushisa kwempahla elaphayo, isampula yempahla elaphayo ecwiliswe ohlotsheni lwe-isothermal yokudlulisa ukushisa okufanelekile ukudluliswa kokushisa, emthwalweni wokugoba omile wohlobo lwamapulangwe olusekelwe nje, kukalwa ukuwohloka kwesifanekiso finyelela inani elishiwo lezinga lokushisa, okungukuthi, izinga lokushisa lokuchezuka kokushisa, okubizwa ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lokuchezuka kokushisa, noma i-HDT.
Izinga lokushisa lokushintsha kwengilazi: ibhekisela ezintweni eziphulukisiwe kusukela kufomu lengilazi kuya kuguquko lwesimo se-amorphous noma esinwebeka kakhulu noma esiwuketshezi (noma okuphambene noguquko) lwebanga lokushisa elincane lendawo emaphakathi nendawo, eyaziwa ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lokushintsha kwengilazi, ngokuvamile elivezwa ngo I-Tg, iyinkomba yokumelana nokushisa.
Isilinganiso sokuncipha: kuchazwa njengephesenti lesilinganiso sokuncipha ukuya kusayizi ngaphambi kokuncipha, futhi ukuncipha kuwumehluko phakathi kosayizi ngaphambi nangemuva kokuncipha.
Ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi: ibhekisela ekungabikho kwamandla angaphandle, i-colloid (impahla) ngenxa yokuba khona kweziphambeko, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ama-solvents, nezinye izizathu zokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi.
Ukumelana namakhemikhali: isho ikhono lokumelana nama-asidi, ama-alkali, usawoti, izinyibilikisi namanye amakhemikhali.
Ukumelana nelangabi: isho ikhono lempahla yokumelana nokuvutha lapho ithinta ilangabi noma ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka kokuvutha lapho ikude nelangabi.
Ukumelana nesimo sezulu: isho ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwelanga, ukushisa nokubanda, umoya nemvula nezinye izimo zezulu.
Ukuguga: ukuphulukisa i-colloid ekucubunguleni, ekugcinweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwenqubo, ngenxa yezinto zangaphandle (ukushisa, ukukhanya, umoya-mpilo, amanzi, imisebe, amandla emishini kanye nemidiya yamakhemikhali, njll.), uchungechunge lwezinguquko zomzimba noma zamakhemikhali, ukuze i-polymer material crosslinking brittle, ukuqhekeka okunamathelayo, ukuqhekeka kombala, amabhamuza amabi, ukuchakika kwendawo, ukucwayiza kwe-delamination, ukusebenza kokuwohloka kancane kancane kwezakhiwo zomshini wokulahlekelwa kokulahlekelwa akukwazi ukusetshenziswa, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi ukuguga. Isenzakalo salolu shintsho sibizwa ngokuthi ukuguga.
I-Dielectric njalo: eyaziwa nangokuthi izinga le-capacitance, izinga elengeziwe (Imvume). Isho "iyunithi yevolumu" ngayinye yento, kuyunithi ngayinye "yegradient engaba khona" ingagcina "amandla kagesi" (Electrostatic Energy) kokuthi Malini. Lapho i-colloid "permeability" ikhudlwana (okungukuthi, izinga elibi kakhulu), futhi amabili eduze nomsebenzi wamanje wezintambo, kunzima kakhulu ukufinyelela umphumela wokufakwa okuphelele, ngamanye amazwi, amathuba okukhiqiza izinga elithile ukuvuza. Ngakho-ke, i-dielectric engaguquki yezinto zokuvikela ngokujwayelekile, ezincane ziba ngcono. I-dielectric constant of water ingama-70, umswakama omncane kakhulu, uzodala izinguquko eziphawulekayo.
4. iningi lei-epoxy resin adhesivei-adhesive ebeka ukushisa, inezici ezilandelayo eziyinhloko: izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu ukuphulukisa ngokushesha; inani elixubekile lilapho ngokushesha ukuphulukiswa; inqubo yokwelapha ine-exothermic phenomenon.
I-Shanghai Orisen New Material Technology Co., Ltd
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-31-2024