Carbone Fibre Yemewe mumashanyarazi ya Turbine kugirango ikure kuburyo bugaragara

Ku ya 24 Kamena, Astute Analytica, ushinzwe gusesengura isi n’ikigo ngishwanama ku isi, yasohoye isesengura ry’isifibreumuyaga turbine rotor blade isoko, raporo ya 2024-2032. Nk’uko isesengura ry’iyi raporo ribigaragaza, fibre ya karubone ku isi yose mu isoko ry’umuyaga wa turbine rotor blade ingana na miliyoni 4.392 z'amadolari mu 2023, mu gihe biteganijwe ko izagera kuri miliyoni 15,904 $ mu 2032, ikazamuka kuri CAGR ya 15.37% mu gihe cyateganijwe cyo mu 2024-2032 .

Ingingo z'ingenzi za raporo zerekeye ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryafibremumuyaga wa turbine umuyaga urimo ibice bikurikira:

• Mu karere, isoko ya fibre ya karuboni yo muri Aziya-Pasifika ku mbaraga z'umuyaga ni nini mu 2023, ihwanye na 59.9%;
• Ubunini bwumuyaga wa turbine, fibre karubone ifite igipimo kinini cya 38.4% mubunini bwa metero 51-75;
• Urebye ibice bisabwa, igipimo cyo gukoresha fibre ya karubone mumuyaga wa turbine blade amababa yamashanyarazi ni hejuru ya 61.2%.

Inzira nyamukuru mugutezimbere umuyaga wa turbine mumyaka yashize harimo:

1. Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga mubikorwa: guhora utezimbere mubikorwa bya karuboni fibre nibintu bifatika;
2. Kongera uburebure bwicyuma: ibyifuzo byigihe kirekire kandi byoroheje biriyongera murwego rwo kunoza gufata no gukora neza;
3. Iterambere ry’isoko mu karere: riterwa no kwiyongera kwingufu zikenerwa na politiki yo gushyigikira leta, isoko mukarere ka Aziya-pasifika ryagutse cyane.

Inzitizi zikomeye kubibazo byo gushyira mu bikorwafibremumuyaga wa turbine umuyaga urimo ibi bikurikira:

1. Igiciro cyambere cyo gushora imari: umusaruro wa karubone no kwinjiza muri turbine yumuyaga bisaba igishoro gikomeye;
2. Gutanga urunigi nibikoresho biboneka, bisaba guhora utanga ibikoresho byiza bya fibre fibre nziza;
3. Inzitizi za tekiniki n’inganda: imbogamizi mu kongera umusaruro no kugabanya ibiciro kugirango duhangane nibikoresho gakondo nka fibre yibirahure.

Hafi ya 45% yumuyaga mushya wa turbine wubatswe muri 2024 bikozwefibre, na 70% byubushakashatsi bushya bwumuyaga wo mu nyanja mu 2023 bakoresha karuboni fibre

Ubushobozi rusange bwashyizweho ku isi burenga 1 TW mu 2023. Uku kwaguka byihuse gushimangira uruhare rukomeye rw’inganda mu guteza imbere ibisubizo by’ingufu zishobora guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, kandi kimwe mu bintu nyamukuru bitera umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bukabije ni ugukenera gukenera ibikoresho byiza kandi biramba muri kubaka turbine yumuyaga, cyane cyane fibre ya karubone ya rotor.

Ibintu byiza cyane bya fibre fibre ugereranije nibisanzwe byikirahure biratera kwiyongera kubisabwafibre fibrekumuyaga wa turbine rotor. Fibre ya karubone ifite imbaraga nyinshi-z-uburemere, zikaba ari ingenzi cyane mu kunoza imikorere no kuramba kwa turbine z'umuyaga. Hafi ya 45% ya rotor nshya yakozwe mu 2024 yakozwe na fibre karubone, ikiyongeraho 10% ugereranije n’umwaka ushize. Iyi myumvire iterwa no gukenera kubyara turbine nini, zikora neza zishobora kubyara umusaruro mwinshi; mubyukuri, impuzandengo yubushobozi bwa turbine yazamutse igera kuri megawatt 4.5 (MW), yiyongera 15% kuva 2022.

Isesengura ryimbitse rya Astute Analytica ryerekeye fibre ya karubone ku isoko ry’umuyaga wa turbine ryerekana imibare myinshi yingenzi ishimangira iterambere ryinshi rya fibre ya karubone muri iki gice. Ikigaragara ni uko ingufu z'umuyaga ku isi zigeze ku 10000 GW, ziyongera kuri 73 GW muri 2023 honyine. hafi 70% yubushakashatsi bushya bwumuyaga wo mumashanyarazi mumwaka wa 2023 (yose hamwe 20 GW) bakoresha fibre fibre kubera imbaraga zabo zo guhangana n’ibidukikije bikabije byo mu nyanja. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha fibre ya karubone byagaragaye ko byongera ubuzima bwa blade 30% no kugabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga 25%, ikintu cyingenzi kubafatanyabikorwa bafite intego yo kunoza imikorere.

Byongeye kandi, ingamba za politiki n’inshingano za guverinoma zo kugera ku kutabogama kwa karubone mu 2050 byihutishije ishoramari mu kuzamura imirima y’umuyaga isanzwe, aho 50% y’imishinga yo kuvugurura imishinga mu 2023 irimo gusimbuza ibyuma bya fiberglass hamwe n’ubundi buryo bwa karuboni.

Carbone fibre airfoil caps ni urufunguzo rwo kunoza imikorere ya turbine yumuyaga, hamwe 70% byumuyaga mushya w’umuyaga uteganijwe kuba ufite ibyuma bya karuboni fibre airfoil bitarenze 2028

Nkesha imbaraga zidasanzwe kandi ziramba za karuboni fibre spar caps, ubushakashatsi bwerekana kofibrespar caps irashobora kunoza imikorere yicyuma kugeza kuri 20%, bikavamo ibyuma birebire hamwe no gufata ingufu nyinshi. Carbone fibre spar caps yagize uruhare runini mukwiyongera 30% muburebure bwumuyaga mumyaka icumi ishize.

Indi mpamvu yo gukoreshafibrespar caps mumashanyarazi ya turbine ni uko igabanya uburemere bwicyuma ku gipimo cya 25%, bigabanya amafaranga yo gutwara no gutwara. Byongeye kandi, ubuzima bwumunaniro wa karuboni fibre spar cap iri hejuru ya 50% ugereranije nibikoresho bisanzwe, bigabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga no kongera ubuzima bwa turbine.

Mugihe inganda zumuyaga zikora kugirango zuzuze intego z’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu ku isi, iyakirwa rya fibre fibre fibre na spar caps biziyongera kurushaho. Bigereranijwe ko 70% byumuyaga mushya wa turbine uzaba ufite capar fibre spar caps muri 2028, ugereranije na 45% mumwaka wa 2023. Biteganijwe ko iri hinduka rizatuma 22% byiyongera mubikorwa rusange bya turbine. Hamwe n'iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga rya karubone ryongera ingufu z'ibikoresho ku gipimo cya 10 ku ijana no kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije ku kigero cya 5 ku ijana, biteganijwe ko umurima w’ibisasu bya airfoil byiganje kandi ugahindura igishushanyo mbonera cy’umuyaga, bigatuma ejo hazaza harambye kandi heza hashobora kubaho ingufu zishobora kubaho.

Umuyaga wa turbine 51-75 m wiganje kwisi yosefibreisoko ryumuyaga wa turbine, hamwe no gukoresha fibre fibre irashobora kongera amashanyarazi 25%

Bitewe no gushaka gukora neza, kuramba no gukora, igice cya metero 51-75 ya karubone fibre igice cyisoko ryumuyaga wa turbine cyabaye imbaraga ziganje muri fibre karubone. Imiterere yihariye ya fibre karubone ituma iba ikintu cyiza kuri iki cyiciro. Umubare munini wibikoresho-by-uburemere byikubye inshuro eshanu ibyuma, bikagabanya cyane uburemere bwicyuma, bigatuma imbaraga zifata neza kandi neza. Iki gice cy'uburebure cyerekana ahantu heza aho uburinganire buri hagati yikiguzi cyibikorwa nibikorwa neza, kandi karuboni fibre ifite 60% byamasoko muriki cyiciro.

Ubukungu bwingufu zumuyaga bwagize uruhare runini mu kumenyekanisha fibre ya karubone muri uru rwego. Igiciro cyambere cyambere cya karuboni fibre irarangizwa nubuzima burebure no kugabanya kubungabunga. Icyuma gikozwe muri fibre karubone gifite ubuzima bwa 20% murwego rwo gukora hagati ya metero 51-75 ugereranije nicyuma gikozwe mubikoresho bisanzwe. Mubyongeyeho, ibiciro byubuzima bwibi byuma bigabanukaho 15% kubera gusimburwa gake no gusana. Ku bijyanye n’umusaruro w’ingufu, turbine ifite fibre fibre muri ubu burebure irashobora kubyara amashanyarazi agera kuri 25%, bigatuma inyungu zishoramari zihuta. Amakuru yisoko yerekana ko kwinjiza karuboni muri iki gice byiyongereyeho 30% kumwaka mumyaka itanu ishize.

Fibre ya karubone mu byuma byangiza umuyaga imbaraga z’isoko nazo ziterwa n’ikenerwa ry’ingufu zirambye kandi zishobora kuvugururwa, ingufu z’umuyaga ziteganijwe kuzatanga 30% by’amashanyarazi ku isi mu 2030. Icyuma cya m 51-75 gikwiranye cyane n’imirima y’umuyaga wo ku nkombe, aho nini kandi ikora neza turbine irakomeye. Kohereza ibikoresho byo hanze hifashishijwe ibyuma bya karuboni byiyongereyeho 40%, bitewe na politiki ya leta ninkunga igamije kugabanya ibirenge bya karubone. Ubwiganze bwiki gice cyisoko burashimangirwa n’umusanzu wa karuboni 50% mu kuzamuka kw’inganda zose z’umuyaga, bigatumafibrentabwo ari uguhitamo ibintu gusa, ahubwo ni urufatiro rwibikorwa remezo bizaza.

Umuyaga mwinshi muri Aziya-Pasifika bituma uba imbaraga ziganje muri fibre ya karubone kumashanyarazi

Bitewe ninganda zikora ingufu zumuyaga, Aziya ya pasifika yagaragaye nkumuguzi wa fibre karubone kumashanyarazi. Hamwe na GW zirenga 378.67 zifite ingufu z'umuyaga zashyizweho mu 2023, aka karere kangana na 38% by'amashanyarazi y’umuyaga ku isi. Ubushinwa n'Ubuhinde nibyo bayobozi, aho Ubushinwa bwonyine butanga GW 310 GW, ni ukuvuga 89% by'ubushobozi bw'akarere.

Byongeye kandi, Ubushinwa nuyoboye isi mu guteranya umuyaga wa turbine nacelle ku butaka, bufite ubushobozi bwa buri mwaka 82 GW. Kugeza muri Kamena 2024, Ubushinwa bwashyizeho GW 410 z'ingufu z'umuyaga. Intego z’ingufu z’akarere zishobora kongera ingufu, ziterwa n’ingufu zikenerwa n’ingamba z’ibidukikije, bisaba ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere kandi neza.

Agace ka Aziya-Pasifika gafite inganda zikora fibre karubone, zitanga isoko ihamye ya fibre karubone no guhanga udushya. Imiterere yoroheje ya fibre karubone ituma diameter nini ya rotor hamwe no gufata neza ingufu. Ibi byatumye umusaruro wa 15% wongera ingufu mubikorwa bishya ugereranije nibikoresho bisanzwe. Hamwe n’ingufu z’umuyaga ziteganijwe kwiyongera 30% muri 2030, kwinjiza fibre ya karubone muri turbine y’umuyaga bizakomeza kwiyongera mu karere ka Aziya-Pasifika.

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