(I) Echiche nkeepoxy resin
Epoxy resin na-ezo aka na usoro yinye polymer nwere otu abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa epoxy dị na ogige polymer, bụ nke resin thermosetting, resin onye nnọchi anya bụ bisphenol A ụdị epoxy resin.
(II) Njirimara nke resin epoxy (a na-akpọkarị bisphenol A ụdị epoxy resins)
1. Onye ọ bụla epoxy resin ngwa bara uru dị nnọọ ala, ọ dị mkpa ka a na-eji ya na onye na-agwọ ọrịa na-enwe uru bara uru.
2. Ike njikọ dị elu: ike njikọ nke epoxy resin adhesive dị n'ihu nke ihe ntanye sịntetik.
3. Ịgwọ shrinkage dị obere, na nrapado epoxy resin nrapado shrinkage bụ nke kacha nta, nke bụkwa epoxy resin nrapado na-agwọta nrapado elu otu n'ime ihe kpatara ya.
4. Ezigbo nguzogide kemịkalụ: otu ether, mgbanaka benzene na aliphatic hydroxyl otu na usoro ọgwụgwọ adịghị mfe site na acid na alkali. Na mmiri mmiri, mmanụ ala, kerosene, 10% H2SO4, 10% HCl, 10% HAc, 10% NH3, 10% H3PO4 na 30% Na2CO3 nwere ike iji afọ abụọ; na na 50% H2SO4 na 10% HNO3 imikpu n'ime ụlọ okpomọkụ maka ọkara otu afọ; 10% NaOH (100 ℃) imikpu maka otu ọnwa, arụmọrụ na-agbanwe agbanwe.
5. Ihe mkpuchi ọkụ eletrik dị mma: mgbawa voltaji nke resin epoxy nwere ike ịdị ukwuu karịa 35kv / mm 6. Nrụ ọrụ usoro ọma, nkwụsi ike nke ngwaahịa, ezigbo nguzogide na obere mmiri absorption. Uru bisphenol A-ụdị epoxy resin dị mma, mana nwekwara ọghọm ya: ①. Viscosity na-arụ ọrụ, nke na-egosi na ọ dịtụghị mma n'ihe owuwu ahụ ②. Ihe a gwọchara na-agbaji, elongation dị obere. ③. Ike bee dị ala. ④ Nguzogide na-adịghị mma maka ujo igwe na thermal.
(III) ngwa na mmepe nkeepoxy resin
1. The mmepe akụkọ ihe mere eme nke epoxy resin: epoxy resin e etinyere maka Swiss patent site P.Castam na 1938, nke mbụ epoxy nrapado bụ nke Ciba mepụtara na 1946, na epoxy mkpuchi bụ nke SOCreentee nke USA mepụtara na 1949, na A malitere mmepụta nke resin epoxy na 1958.
2. Ngwa nke epoxy resin: ① Ụlọ ọrụ mkpuchi: epoxy resin na ụlọ ọrụ mkpuchi na-achọ ihe kachasị elu nke mmiri na-ekpuchi mmiri, mkpuchi ntụ ntụ na akwa mkpuchi siri ike na-ejikarị eme ihe. Enwere ike iji ya mee ihe na ọkpọkọ ọkpọkọ, ụgbọ ala, ụgbọ mmiri, ikuku ikuku, ngwa elektrọn, ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka, nka na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ. ② eletriki na ụlọ ọrụ eletrọnịkị: epoxy resin nrapado nwere ike iji maka ihe mkpuchi eletriki, dị ka rectifiers, transformers, sealing potting; akara na nchebe nke electronic components; ngwaahịa electromechanical, mkpuchi na njikọ; akara na njikọ nke batrị; capacitors, resistors, inductors, elu nke uwe mwụda. ③ Ọla ọla edo, nka, ụlọ ọrụ ihe egwuregwu: enwere ike iji maka akara, ọla, ụghalaahịa, ngwaike, raket, ịkụ azụ, ngwa egwuregwu, nka na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ. ④ Ụlọ ọrụ Optoelectronic: enwere ike iji ya mee ihe maka encapsulation, ndochi na njikọ nke diodes na-enye ìhè (LED), tubes dijitalụ, tubes pixel, ihe ngosi eletriki, ọkụ ọkụ na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ. ⑤ Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe: A ga-ejikwa ya mee ihe n'okporo ụzọ, akwa mmiri, ala ala, ihe owuwu ígwè, ihe owuwu, mgbidi mgbidi, mmiri mmiri, ihe owuwu injinia, ndozi omenala na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ. ⑥ Adhesives, sealants na composites ubi: dị ka ikuku turbine agụba, handicrafts, ceramics, iko na ndị ọzọ dị iche iche nke bonding n'etiti bekee, carbon fiber mpempe akwụkwọ mejupụtara, microelectronic ihe akara na na.
(IV) Njirimara nkeepoxy resin nrapado
1. epoxy resin nrapado dabeere na epoxy resin e ji mara nke reprocessing ma ọ bụ mgbanwe, nke mere na ya arụmọrụ parameters na akara na kpọmkwem chọrọ, na-emekarị epoxy resin nrapado nwekwara mkpa ka a na-agwọ gị gị n'ụlọnga na iji na-eji, na mkpa ịbụ. agwakọta otu ka e wee gwọọ ya nke ọma, nrapado resin epoxy nke a na-akpọkarị A gluu ma ọ bụ onye isi, onye na-agwọ ọrịa a maara dị ka gluu B ma ọ bụ onye na-agwọ ọrịa (hardener).
2. na-egosipụta isi e ji mara nke epoxy resin nrapado tupu ọgwụgwọ bụ: agba, viscosity, kpọmkwem ike ndọda, ruru, gel oge, dị oge, na-agwọ ọrịa oge, thixotropy (nkwụsị eruba), hardness, elu esemokwu na na. Viscosity (Viscosity): bụ nguzogide esemokwu dị n'ime nke colloid na eruba, a na-ekpebi uru ya site n'ụdị ihe, okpomọkụ, itinye uche na ihe ndị ọzọ.
Gel oge: ọgwụgwọ nke gluu bụ usoro mgbanwe site na mmiri mmiri na-edozi ahụ, site na mmalite nke mmeghachi omume nke gluu na ọnọdụ dị oke egwu nke gel na-achọ oge siri ike maka oge gel, nke a na-ekpebi site na ngwakọta nke resin epoxy. gluu, okpomọkụ na ihe ndị ọzọ.
Thixotropy: Nke a na njirimara na-ezo aka colloid metụrụ mpụga ike (n'ikwe, na-akpali akpali, vibration, ultrasonic ebili mmiri, wdg), na mpụga ike si oké ka mkpa, mgbe mpụga ihe na-akwụsị ọrụ nke colloid azụ na mbụ mgbe. agbanwe agbanwe nke onu.
Isi ike: na-ezo aka na nguzogide nke ihe na ike mpụga dị ka embossing na scratching. Dị ka usoro ule dị iche iche siri dị Shore (Shor) hardness, Brinell (Brinell) hardness, Rockwell (Rockwell) hardness, Mohs (Mohs) hardness, Barcol (Barcol) hardness, Vickers (Vichers) hardness and so on. Uru nke ihe nleba anya siri ike na nke siri ike nke metụtara ihe nleba anya siri ike nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe, Ọdịdị nke ike siri ike nke Shore dị mfe, dabara adaba maka nyocha mmepụta, enwere ike kewaa onye nyocha ike ike n'ụdị A, ụdị C, ụdị D, A-ụdị maka ịlele nro. colloid, C na D-ụdị maka nha nke ọkara-ike na ike colloid.
Esemokwu dị n'elu: mma nke ụmụ irighiri ihe dị n'ime mmiri mmiri nke mere na ụmụ irighiri ihe dị n'elu nke ime ahụ na-enwe ike, ike a na-eme ka mmiri mmiri ahụ dị ka o kwere mee iji belata ebe elu ya na nhazi nke yiri elu nke ike, nke a maara dị ka. elu esemokwu. Ma ọ bụ traction ibe n'etiti abụọ n'akụkụ akụkụ nke elu nke mmiri mmiri kwa nkeji ogologo, ọ bụ a ngosipụta nke molekụla ike. Akụkụ nke esemokwu elu bụ N/m. Ogo nke esemokwu elu metụtara ọdịdị, ịdị ọcha na okpomọkụ nke mmiri mmiri.
3. na-egosipụta àgwà nkeepoxy resin nrapadomgbe gwọchara isi atụmatụ bụ: nguzogide, voltaji, mmiri absorption, mkpakọ ike, tensile (tensile) ike, shiee ike, bee ike, mmetụta ike, okpomọkụ distortion okpomọkụ, iko mgbanwe okpomọkụ, esịtidem nrụgide, chemical iguzogide, elongation, shrinkage ọnụọgụgụ. , thermal conductivity, eletriki conductivity, ihu igwe, ịka nká iguzogide, na na.
Nguzogide: Kọwaa njirimara nguzogide ihe na-ejikarị nguzogide elu ma ọ bụ nguzogide olu. Nguzogide elu bụ nnọọ otu elu n'etiti electrodes abụọ a tụrụ uru nguzogide, otu ahụ bụ Ω. Enwere ike ịgbakọ ọdịdị nke electrode na uru nkwụsị site na ijikọta ihe mgbochi elu kwa mpaghara otu. Mgbochi olu, nke a makwaara dị ka olu resistivity, ọnụọgụ nguzogide olu, na-ezo aka na uru nguzogide site na ọkpụrụkpụ nke ihe, bụ ihe dị mkpa na-egosi njirimara eletriki nke dielectric ma ọ bụ ihe mkpuchi. Ọ bụ ihe ndeksi dị mkpa iji mara njirimara eletriki nke dielectric ma ọ bụ ihe mkpuchi. 1cm2 dielectric iguzogide ntapu ugbu a, unit bụ Ω-m ma ọ bụ Ω-cm. ka ibu resistivity, ka mma mkpuchi ihe.
voltaji na-egosi: nke a makwaara dị ka ike na-eguzogide ike (ike mkpuchi), nke dị elu nke voltaji agbakwunyere na nsọtụ nke colloid, nke ukwuu n'ime ihe a na-agbanye n'ọkụ eletrik, ọ ga-abụ na ọ ga-eme ka ọnyà ahụ pụta, na-akpata ya. mmebi nke colloid. Mee ka mmebi insulator nke obere voltaji dị ala ka a na-akpọ ihe nke mgbawa voltaji. Mee 1 mm oké mkpuchi ihe ndakpọ, mkpa ịgbakwunye voltaji kilovolts a na-akpọ mkpuchi ihe mkpuchi na-eguzogide ike voltaji, nke a na-ezo aka dị ka voltaji na-eguzogide, unit bụ: Kv / mm. ihe mkpuchi ihe mkpuchi na okpomọkụ nwere mmekọrịta chiri anya. Ihe dị elu nke okpomọkụ, nke ka njọ ọrụ mkpuchi nke ihe mkpuchi. Iji hụ na ike mkpuchi ahụ, ihe mkpuchi ọ bụla nwere ihe kwesịrị ekwesị na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, na okpomọkụ a dị n'okpuru ebe a, enwere ike iji ya mee ihe n'enweghị nsogbu ruo ogologo oge, karịa okpomọkụ a ga-eme ngwa ngwa.
Ntinye mmiri: Ọ bụ ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ ókè ihe onwunwe na-esi amịkọrọ mmiri. Ọ na-ezo aka na mmụba pasent nke ihe na-emikpu n'ime mmiri ruo oge ụfọdụ na okpomọkụ.
Ike ọdụdọ: Ike nkwụsịtụ bụ nrụgide nkwụsị kachasị mgbe a na-agbatị gel ka ọ gbajie. Amarakwa dị ka ike mgbakasị ike, ike mgbakasị ike, ike mgbakasị, ike ike. Unit bụ MPa.
Kwachaa ike: nke a makwaara dị ka ike shiee, na-ezo aka na mpaghara njikọ nke unit nwere ike iguzogide ibu kachasị na mpaghara njikọ, nke a na-ejikarị nke MPa.
Bee ike: makwaara dị ka ike bee, bụ kacha mmebi ibu kwa unit obosara nwere ike idi, bụ ihe nke akara nke ike ike, unit bụ kN / m.
Ogologo oge: na-ezo aka na colloid na ike nkwụsị n'okpuru omume nke ogologo nke mmụba na ogologo mbụ nke pasent.
Okpomọkụ ngbanwe: na-ezo aka a ụfọdụ nke okpomọkụ na-eguzogide nke ọgwụgwọ ihe, bụ a na-agwọ ọrịa ihe nnwale mikpuru n'ime ụdị isothermal okpomọkụ nyefe ọkara adabara okpomọkụ nyefe, na static ekwe ibu nke nanị na-akwado doo ụdị, tụrụ ihe atụ ekwe deformation ka. rute uru a kapịrị ọnụ nke ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, ya bụ, okpomọkụ ngbanwe okpomọkụ, nke a na-ezo aka dị ka okpomọkụ nkwụsị ọkụ, ma ọ bụ HDT.
Igwe mgbanwe okpomọkụ: na-ezo aka na ihe a gwọrọ site na ụdị iko na amorphous ma ọ bụ nke ukwuu na-agbanwe ma ọ bụ mgbanwe ọnọdụ mmiri (ma ọ bụ na-emegide mgbanwe) nke oke okpomọkụ dị warara nke etiti etiti, nke a maara dị ka iko mgbanwe okpomọkụ, na-egosipụtakarị na Tg, bụ ihe na-egosi nguzogide okpomọkụ.
Nri nbibi: akọwara dị ka pasent nke oke nke shrinkage na nha tupu mbelata, na mbelata bụ ọdịiche dị n'etiti nha tupu na mgbe ọ gachara.
Nchegbu dị n'ime: na-ezo aka na enweghị ike mpụga, colloid (ihe onwunwe) n'ihi ọnụnọ nke ntụpọ, mgbanwe okpomọkụ, ihe mgbaze, na ihe ndị ọzọ kpatara nrụgide dị n'ime.
Nguzogide kemịkalụ: na-ezo aka n'ikike iguzogide acid, alkalis, salts, solvents na chemicals ndị ọzọ.
Nguzogide ire ọkụ: na-ezo aka n'ikike nke ihe ahụ iji guzogide ọkụ ọkụ mgbe ọ na-akpọtụrụ ọkụ ma ọ bụ igbochi n'ihu nke combustion mgbe ọ na-apụ na ọkụ.
Nguzogide ihu igwe: na-ezo aka na ikpughe ihe na ìhè anyanwụ, okpomọkụ na oyi, ifufe na mmiri ozuzo na ọnọdụ ihu igwe ndị ọzọ.
Ịka nká: ọgwụgwọ colloid na nhazi, nchekwa na ojiji nke usoro, n'ihi na mpụga ihe (okpomọkụ, ọkụ, oxygen, mmiri, ụzarị, n'ibu agha na chemical media, wdg), a usoro nke anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ chemical mgbanwe, nke mere na polymer material crosslinking kenkuwa, cracking nnyapade, discoloration cracking, siri ike ọnya, elu chalking, delamination flaking, arụmọrụ nke nwayọọ nwayọọ njọ nke n'ibu Njirimara nke ọnwụ nke ọnwụ nke na-enweghị ike iji, a na-akpọ ihe mere agadi. A na-akpọ ihe ngosi nke mgbanwe a ịka nká.
Dielectric mgbe niile: nke a makwaara dị ka ọnụọgụ ike, ọnụego nnabata (ikike). Na-ezo aka na "olu unit" ọ bụla nke ihe ahụ, na nkeji ọ bụla nke "gradient nwere ike ime" nwere ike ịzọpụta "electrostatic energy" (Electrostatic Energy) nke Ego ole. Mgbe colloid "permeability" nke ukwuu (ya bụ, ka njọ àgwà), na abụọ nso na waya ugbu a na-arụ ọrụ, ndị ọzọ siri ike iru mmetụta nke mkpuchi zuru ezu, na okwu ndị ọzọ, na-yikarịrị na-emepụta ụfọdụ n'ókè nke. ntapu. Ya mere, dielectric na-adịgide adịgide nke ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi n'ozuzu, nke dị ntakịrị ka mma. Mmiri dielectric na-adịgide adịgide bụ 70, obere mmiri dị ntakịrị, ga-eme ka mgbanwe dị ịrịba ama.
4. ọtụtụ n'imeepoxy resin nrapadobụ ihe nkwụnye ọkụ na-edozi ọkụ, ọ nwere isi ihe ndị na-esonụ: elu okpomọkụ na-eme ngwa ngwa na-agwọta; a agwakọta ego nke ọzọ ngwa ngwa na ọgwụgwọ; usoro ọgwụgwọ nwere exothermic phenomenon.
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