1. Gabatarwa
Wannan ma'auni yana ƙayyadaddun sharuɗɗan da ma'anar da ke cikin kayan ƙarfafa kamar fiber gilashi, fiber carbon, resin, ƙari, gyare-gyaren fili da prepreg.
Wannan ma'auni yana dacewa da shirye-shirye da buga ma'auni masu dacewa, da kuma shirye-shiryen da buga littattafai masu dacewa, na lokaci-lokaci da takaddun fasaha.
2. Gabaɗaya sharuddan
2.1Yarn Cone (Pagoda yarn):An raunata zaren yadin da aka yi masa a kan maƙarƙashiya.
2.2Maganin saman:Don inganta mannewa tare da resin matrix, ana kula da farfajiyar fiber.
2.3Multifiber daure:Don ƙarin bayani: nau'in kayan yadi wanda ya ƙunshi monofilaments da yawa.
2.4Single yarn:Mafi sauƙaƙan ci gaba mai ɗorewa wanda ya ƙunshi ɗaya daga cikin kayan masaku masu zuwa:
a) Yadin da aka samar ta hanyar karkatar da zaruruwan da ba a katse da yawa ana kiransa yarn fiber mai tsayi;
b) Zaren da aka samar ta hanyar karkatar da filament guda ɗaya ko fiye da ke ci gaba da kasancewa a lokaci ɗaya ana kiran shi ci gaba da zaren fiber.
Lura: a cikin masana'antar fiber gilashi, yarn ɗaya yana karkatar da shi.
2.5Filament na monofilament:Naúrar sirara mai tsayi kuma mai tsayi, wanda zai iya kasancewa mai ci gaba ko dainawa.
2.6Matsakaicin diamita na filaments:Ana amfani da shi don alamar diamita na fiber monofilament na gilashi a cikin samfuran fiber gilashin, wanda kusan daidai yake da ainihin matsakaicin diamita. tare da μ M shine naúrar, wacce ke kusan lamba ko rabin lamba.
2.7Jama'a a kowane yanki:Matsakaicin adadin kayan lebur na takamaiman girman zuwa yankinsa.
2.8Kafaffen tsawon fiber:fiber mai katsewa,Kayan yadi tare da diamita mai kyau da aka katse yayin yin gyare-gyare.
2.9:Kafaffen yarn fiber mai tsayi,An zare zaren daga tsayayyen fiber mai tsayi.maki biyu sifili dayaBreaking elongationTsawancin samfurin lokacin da ya karye a cikin gwajin tensile.
2.10Yaren rauni da yawa:Yadin da aka yi da yadudduka biyu ko fiye ba tare da murɗawa ba.
Lura: Za'a iya sanya yarn guda ɗaya, zaren igiya ko kebul zuwa iska mai yawa.
2.12Bobbin yarn:Yarn da aka sarrafa ta injin murɗawa da rauni akan bobbin.
2.13Abun ciki:Abubuwan da ke cikin damshi na mafari ko samfurin da aka auna ƙarƙashin ƙayyadadden yanayi. Wato, rabon bambance-bambancen tsakanin jika da busassun busassun samfurin zuwa yawan rigarƘimar, wanda aka bayyana azaman kashi.
2.14Yarn mai laushiMatsakaicin yarnYarn da aka kafa ta hanyar karkatar da yadudduka biyu ko fiye a cikin tsari ɗaya.
2.15Haɗin samfuran:Jimlar samfurin da ya ƙunshi kayan fiber biyu ko fiye, kamar jimlar samfurin da ya ƙunshi fiber gilashi da fiber carbon.
2.16Girman wakili mai girma:A cikin samar da zaruruwa, cakuda wasu sinadarai da aka yi amfani da su zuwa monofilaments.
Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan jika guda uku: nau'in filastik, nau'in yadi da nau'in filastik mai yadi:
- Girman filastik, wanda kuma aka sani da girman ƙarfafawa ko girman haɗaɗɗiya, nau'in wakili ne na ƙima wanda zai iya sa saman fiber da matrix resin bond da kyau. Ya ƙunshi abubuwan da suka dace don ƙarin sarrafawa ko aikace-aikacen (iska, yanke, da sauransu);
- Wakilin sikelin yadudduka, wakili mai ƙima da aka shirya don mataki na gaba na sarrafa yadi ( murgudawa, haɗawa, saƙa, da sauransu);
- nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in filastik mai laushi, wanda ba wai kawai ya dace da aiki na yadi na gaba ba, amma kuma yana iya haɓaka mannewa tsakanin filayen fiber da resin matrix.
2.17Yarn mai yatsa:Rauni mai yadin yadi a layi daya akan babban ramin warp cylindrical.
2.18Kunshin mirgine:Yarn, roving da sauran raka'a waɗanda za su iya zama marasa rauni kuma sun dace don sarrafawa, ajiya, sufuri da amfani.
Lura: iska na iya zama hank ko kek na siliki mara tallafi, ko naúrar iska wanda aka shirya ta hanyoyi daban-daban na iska akan bobbin, bututun laka, bututu mai juzu'i, bututu mai juyi, spool, bobbin ko sandar saƙa.
2.19Ƙarfin ƙwanƙwasawa:tensile karya tenacityA cikin gwajin juzu'i, ƙarfin karya juzu'i a kowane yanki na yanki ko ƙimar madaidaiciyar samfurin. Ƙungiyar monofilament ita ce PA kuma naúrar yarn ita ce n/tex.
2.20A cikin gwajin tensile, iyakar ƙarfin da ake amfani da shi lokacin da samfurin ya karye, a cikin n.
2.21Zaren igiya:Yadin da aka kafa ta hanyar karkatar da igiyoyi biyu ko fiye (ko mahadar zaren da yadudduka ɗaya) tare sau ɗaya ko fiye.
2.22Bobbin kwalban madara:Iskar yarn a cikin siffar kwalban madara.
2.23Karkatawa:Adadin jujjuya yarn a cikin wani tsayin tsayi tare da jagorar axial, gabaɗaya an bayyana shi cikin karkatarwa / mita.
2.24Matsakaicin ma'auni:Bayan karkatar da zaren, jujjuyawar tana daidaitawa.
2.25Juya baya:Kowane juzu'i na jujjuya yarn shine ƙaurawar angular na jujjuyawar dangi tsakanin sassan yarn tare da jagorar axial. Juyawa baya tare da matsawa na kusurwa na 360 °.
2.26Hanyar karkatarwa:Bayan murɗawa, karkata zuwa ga mafari a cikin yarn ɗaya ko yarn ɗaya a cikin zaren zaren. Daga kusurwar dama ta ƙasa zuwa kusurwar hagu na sama ana kiranta S twist, kuma daga kusurwar hagu na ƙasa zuwa kusurwar dama na sama ana kiranta Z twist.
2.27Yarn yarn:Kalma ce ta gaba ɗaya don kayan yadi daban-daban tare da ko ba tare da murɗawa da aka yi da ci gaba da zaruruwa da tsayayyen zaruruwa ba.
2.28Yarn mai kasuwa:Ma'aikata na samar da zaren sayarwa.
2.29Igiyar igiya:Ci gaba da zaren zaren fiber ko ƙayyadadden zaren zaren zaren tsarin zaren da aka yi ta hanyar murɗawa, ɗamara ko saƙa.
2.30Jawo:Tarin da ba a murɗawa wanda ya ƙunshi adadi mai yawa na monofilaments.
2.31Modulus na elasticity:Matsakaicin danniya da nau'in abu a cikin iyaka na roba. Akwai juzu'i da matsawa na elasticity (wanda kuma aka sani da ma'aunin elasticity na matasa), ƙarfi da lankwasawa modulus na elasticity, tare da PA (Pascal) a matsayin naúrar.
2.32Yawan yawa:Bayyanar yawa na kayan sako-sako kamar foda da kayan granular.
2.33Girman samfur:Cire yarn ko masana'anta na wakili mai jika ko girman ta hanyar ƙaushi mai dacewa ko tsaftacewar zafi.
2.34Weft tube yarn dan sandaGilashin siliki
Sashi ɗaya ko ma yawa na zaren yadi ya sami rauni a kusa da bututu mai laushi.
2.35FiberzarenNaúrar kayan filamentous mai kyau tare da babban rabo mai girma.
2.36Yanar gizo fiber:Tare da taimakon takamaiman hanyoyi, ana shirya kayan fiber a cikin tsarin jirgin sama na cibiyar sadarwa a cikin daidaitawa ko rashin daidaituwa, wanda gabaɗaya yana nufin samfuran da aka kammala.
2.37Girman layin layi:Yawan adadin tsawon raka'a na yarn tare da ko ba tare da wakilin jika ba, a cikin tex.
Lura: a cikin sunan zaren, ƙimar layin layi yawanci tana nufin ƙarancin zaren da aka bushe kuma ba tare da jika ba.
2.38Strand precursor:Jawo guda ɗaya da ba a karkace da ɗan ɗanɗano wanda aka zana a lokaci guda.
2.39Moldability na tabarma ko masana'antaMoldability na ji ko masana'anta
Matsayin wahalar ji ko masana'anta da aka jika ta hanyar guduro don a manne su da kyau zuwa ga mizanin wata siffa.
3. Fiberglas
3.1 Ar gilashin fiber Alkali resistant gilashin fiber
Yana iya tsayayya da dogon lokaci yashwa na alkali abubuwa. Ana amfani da shi musamman don ƙarfafa fiber gilashin simintin Portland.
3.2 Styrene solubility: Lokacin da gilashin fiber yankakken strand ji yana nutsewa a cikin styrene, lokacin da ake buƙata don ji ya karye saboda rushewar abin ɗaure a ƙarƙashin wani nau'i mai ƙarfi.
3.3 Rubutun yarn Babban yarn
Ci gaba da gilashin fiber yadin yadin (yadin guda ɗaya ko haɗaɗɗen yarn) wani ƙaƙƙarfan zaren da aka samar ta hanyar tarwatsa monofilament bayan gyaran naƙasa.
3.4 Surface Mat: Takaddun takarda da aka yi da gilashin fiber monofilament (tsawon kafaffen tsayi ko ci gaba) an haɗa shi kuma ana amfani da shi azaman saman saman abubuwan haɗin gwiwa.
Duba: abin ji (3.22).
3.5 Gilashin fiberglass
Gabaɗaya yana nufin fiber ɗin gilashi ko filament da aka yi da narkewar silicate.
3.6 Samfuran fiber gilashin mai rufi: Abubuwan fiber gilashin da aka rufe da filastik ko wasu kayan.
3.7 Zonality ribbonization Ƙarfin gilashin fiber roving don samar da ribbon ta ɗan haɗin kai tsakanin filaye masu kama da juna.
3.8 Fim tsohon: Babban sashin wakili na jika. Ayyukansa shine samar da fim a saman fiber, hana lalacewa da sauƙaƙe haɗin kai da bunching na monofilaments.
3.9 D gilashin fiber Low dielectric gilashin fiber gilashin fiber zana daga low dielectric gilashin. Its dielectric akai-akai da dielectric asarar ne kasa da na alkali free gilashin fiber.
3.10 Monofilament mat: Kayan tsari na tsari wanda ci gaba da ci gaba da monofilaments na gilashin gilashin ke haɗe tare da ɗaure.
3.11 Kafaffen samfuran fiber gilashin tsayi: Samfurin mai amfani yana da alaƙa da samfurin da ya ƙunshi tsayayyen fiber gilashin tsayi.
3.12 Kafaffen sliver fiber mai tsayi: Kafaffen zaruruwan zaruruwa ana shirya su a layi daya kuma an murɗa su cikin dunƙule fiber mai ci gaba.
3.13 Yankakken sara: Wahalar gilashin fiber roving ko precursor da ake yankewa ƙarƙashin wani ɗan gajeren kayan yankan.
3.14 Yankakken madauri: Short cut ci gaba da fiber precursor ba tare da wani nau'i na hade.
3.15 Yankakken tabarma: Kayan tsari ne na jirgin sama wanda aka yi da ci gaba da yankakken fiber precursor, rarraba bazuwar kuma an haɗa shi tare da m.
3.16 E gilashin fiber Alkali free gilashin fiber fiber gilashin da kadan alkali karfe oxide abun ciki da kuma mai kyau lantarki rufi (sa alkali karfe oxide abun ciki ne kullum kasa da 1%).
Lura: a halin yanzu, daidaitattun samfuran fiber gilashin alkali na kasar Sin sun nuna cewa abun ciki na alkali karfe oxide ba zai fi 0.8% girma ba.
3.17 Gilashin Yadi: Gabaɗaya don kayan masarufi waɗanda aka yi da fiber gilashin ci gaba ko ƙayyadaddun fiber gilashin tsayi a matsayin kayan tushe.
3.18 Ingantaccen Rarraba: Ingantacciyar roving ɗin da ba a murƙushewa ya tarwatse zuwa ɓangarori guda ɗaya na precursor bayan ɗan gajeren yanke.
3.19 Tabarmar dinkin da aka saƙa Fiber gilashin ji ɗin ɗinki tare da tsarin nada.
Lura: duba ji (3.48).
3.20 Zaren dinki: Maɗaukaki mai tsayi, yarn mai santsi wanda aka yi da fiber gilashin ci gaba, ana amfani da shi don ɗinki.
3.21 Haɗaɗɗen tabarma: Wasu nau'ikan kayan ƙarfafa fiber gilashi sune kayan tsarin jirgin sama waɗanda ke ɗaure ta hanyar inji ko hanyoyin sinadarai.
Lura: kayan ƙarfafa yawanci sun haɗa da precursor yankakken, ci gaba mai ƙima, gauze mara kyau da sauransu.
3.22 Gilashin gilashi: Kayan tsarin jirgin sama wanda aka yi da ci gaba (ko yankakken) gilashin fiber monofilament tare da ɗanɗano kaɗan.
3.23 High silica gilashin fiber high silica gilashin fiber
Gilashin fiber da aka kafa ta hanyar maganin acid da sintiri bayan zanen gilashi. Abubuwan da ke cikin silica ya fi 95%.
3.24 Yanke igiyoyi Kafaffen fiber na tsawon lokaci (an ƙi) Gilashin fiber precursor yanke daga silinda na farko kuma a yanka bisa ga tsawon da ake buƙata.
Duba: Tsayayyen fiber (2.8)
3.25 Rago Girma: Abubuwan da ke cikin Carbon na fiber gilashin da ke ɗauke da wakili na wetting ɗin yadin da ya rage akan fiber bayan tsaftacewar thermal, wanda aka bayyana azaman yawan adadin.
3.26 ƙaurawar wakili mai ƙima: Cire jigon jigon fiber gilashi daga ciki na siliki zuwa saman saman.
3.27 Rigar fitar da ruwa: Indexididdigar inganci don auna fiber gilashi azaman ƙarfafawa. Ƙayyade lokacin da ake buƙata don guduro ya cika gabaɗaya gabaɗaya da monofilament bisa ga wata hanya. Ana bayyana naúrar a cikin daƙiƙa.
3.28 Babu jujjuyawar jujjuyawar (don ƙarewar ƙarewa): Juyin da ba a murɗa ba wanda aka yi ta ɗan murɗawa yayin haɗuwa da igiyoyi. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da wannan samfurin, zaren da aka zana daga ƙarshen kunshin za a iya zubar da shi a cikin yarn ba tare da wani karkatarwa ba.
3.29 Abun ciki mai ƙonewa: Rabo na asarar akan ƙonewa zuwa busassun busassun samfuran fiber gilashin.
3.30 Ci gaba da samfuran fiber gilashi: Samfurin mai amfani yana da alaƙa da samfurin da ya ƙunshi ci gaba da fiber gilashin fiber mai tsayi.
3.31 Cigaban tabarma mai ci gaba: Kayan tsari ne na jirgin sama wanda aka yi ta hanyar haɗa madaidaicin fiber precursor wanda ba a yanke ba tare da m.
3.32 Igiyar taya: Ci gaba da zaren fiber shine murɗi mai yawa da aka samo ta hanyar impregnation da karkatarwa na lokuta da yawa. Ana amfani da shi gabaɗaya don ƙarfafa samfuran roba.
3.33M gilashin fiber High modules gilashin fiber High na roba gilashin fiber (ƙi)
Gilashin fiber da aka yi da babban gilashin modulus. Matsayinsa na roba gabaɗaya ya fi 25% sama da na fiber gilashin E.
3.34 Terry roving: Roving ɗin da aka yi ta maimaita jujjuyawar jujjuyawar gilas ɗin gabaɗaya da kanta, wanda wani lokaci ɗaya ko fiye madaidaici ke ƙarfafa shi.
3.35 Milled fibers: Wani ɗan gajeren fiber ne wanda aka yi ta hanyar niƙa.
3.36 Wakilin ɗaure kayan da aka yi amfani da filaments ko monofilaments don gyara su a cikin yanayin rarraba da ake buƙata. Idan aka yi amfani da shi a cikin yankakken madauri, ci gaba da tabarmar madauri da saman ji.
3.37 Wakilin haɗin kai: Abu ne da ke haɓaka ko kafa haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi tsakanin mu'amala tsakanin matrix resin da kayan ƙarfafawa.
Lura: ana iya amfani da wakili mai haɗawa zuwa kayan ƙarfafawa ko ƙara zuwa guduro ko duka biyun.
3.38 Ƙarshen haɗakarwa: Wani abu da aka yi amfani da shi a kan yadi na fiberglass don samar da kyakkyawar haɗi tsakanin fiberglass surface da resin.
3.39 S gilashin fiber High ƙarfin gilashin fiber sabon yanayin muhalli ƙarfin gilashin fiber da aka zana tare da gilashin silicon aluminum magnesium tsarin ya fi 25% mafi girma fiye da na alkali free gilashin fiber.
3.40 Rigar shimfiɗar tabarma: Yin amfani da yankakken fiber gilashi a matsayin ɗanyen abu da kuma ƙara wasu abubuwan da za a yi amfani da su don tarwatsa shi cikin ruwa, an yi shi ya zama kayan aikin jirgin sama ta hanyar yin kwafi, bushewa, girma da bushewa.
3.41 Metal rufi gilashin fiber: Gilashin fiber tare da guda fiber ko fiber dam surface mai rufi da karfe fim.
3.42 Geogrid: Samfurin kayan aiki yana da alaƙa da filastik fiber mai rufi ko kwalta mai rufi don injiniyan geotechnical da injiniyan farar hula.
3.43 Roving Roving: Kundin layi daya na filaments (multi strand roving) ko na layi daya monofilaments (roving kai tsaye) hade ba tare da karkatarwa ba.
3.44 Sabon fiber na muhalli: Ja ƙasa da fiber ɗin a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayi, kuma ta hanyar injiniyan kutse sabuwar ƙirar monofilament ba tare da wani lalacewa a ƙasan farantin zane ba.
3.45 Tsari: Matsayin abin da gilashin fiber roving ko precursor ba shi da sauƙi don canza siffar saboda damuwa. Lokacin da aka rataye zaren a wani nisa daga tsakiya, ana nuna shi ta nisan rataye a tsakiyar tsakiyar yarn.
3.46 Mutuncin Strand: monofilament a cikin mafari ba shi da sauƙin tarwatsawa, karyewa da ulu, kuma yana da ikon kiyaye precursor ɗin cikin daure.
3.47 Strand tsarin: Dangane da mahara da rabi mahara dangantaka na ci gaba da fiber precursor tex, an hade da kuma shirya a cikin wani jerin.
Dangantakar da ke tsakanin madaidaicin mafari, adadin filaye (yawan ramuka a cikin farantin leakage) da diamita na fiber ana bayyana ta dabara (1):
d=22.46 × (1)
inda: D - fiber diamita, μ m;
T - madaidaicin madaidaici na precursor, Tex;
N - adadin zaruruwa
3.48 Felt tabarma: Tsarin tsari wanda ya ƙunshi yankakken filaye masu ci gaba da yanke ko ba a yanke ba waɗanda ke daidaita ko ba su daidaita tare.
3.49 Tabarmar da ake buƙata: Jikin da aka yi ta hanyar haɗa abubuwa tare akan injin acupuncture na iya kasancewa tare da ko ba tare da kayan abu ba.
Lura: duba ji (3.48).
maki uku sifili
Tafiya kai tsaye
Wasu adadin monofilaments ana raunata kai tsaye a cikin motsi marar murɗawa ƙarƙashin farantin zane.
3.50 Medium alkali gilashin fiber: Wani nau'in fiber gilashin da aka samar a kasar Sin. Abun ciki na alkali karfe oxide ne game da 12%.
4. Carbon fiber
4.1PAN tushen carbon fiberPAN tushen carbon fiberCarbon fiber da aka shirya daga polyacrylonitrile (Pan) matrix.
Lura: Canje-canjen ƙarfin ƙarfi da na roba suna da alaƙa da carbonation.
Duba: carbon fiber matrix (4.7).
4.2Ƙarfafa carbon fiber:Carbon fiber sanya daga anisotropic ko isotropic asphalt matrix.
Lura: Module na roba na fiber carbon da aka yi daga matrix kwalta anisotropic ya fi na matrices biyu.
Duba: carbon fiber matrix (4.7).
4.3Fiber fiber na tushen Viscose:Carbon fiber sanya daga viscose matrix.
Lura: an dakatar da samar da fiber carbon fiber daga matrix viscose a zahiri, kuma kawai ana amfani da ɗan ƙaramin masana'anta don samarwa.
Duba: carbon fiber matrix (4.7).
4.4Zane-zane:Maganin zafi a cikin yanayi mara kyau, yawanci a yanayin zafi mafi girma bayan carbonization.
Lura: "graphitization" a cikin masana'antu shine haƙiƙanin haɓaka kayan aikin jiki da sinadarai na fiber carbon, amma a zahiri, yana da wahala a sami tsarin graphite.
4.5Carbonization:Tsarin maganin zafi daga matrix fiber fiber zuwa carbon fiber a cikin yanayi mara kyau.
4.6Carbon fiber:Fibers tare da abun ciki na carbon fiye da 90% (kashi mai yawa) wanda aka shirya ta hanyar pyrolysis na zaruruwan kwayoyin halitta.
Lura: Abubuwan zaruruwan carbon gabaɗaya ana ƙididdige su bisa ga kaddarorin injin su, musamman ƙarfi da ƙarfi da na roba.
4.7Carbon fiber precursor:Filayen halitta waɗanda za a iya jujjuya su zuwa filayen carbon ta hanyar pyrolysis.
Lura: matrix yawanci ci gaba da zaren, amma ana amfani da masana'anta da aka saƙa, masana'anta da aka saka, masana'anta da aka saka da ji.
Duba: polyacrylonitrile tushen carbon fiber (4.1), carbon fiber tushen kwalta (4.2), fiber na tushen viscose (4.3).
4.8Fiber mara magani:Fibers ba tare da jiyya ba.
4.9Oxidation:Pre oxidation na iyaye kayan kamar polyacrylonitrile, kwalta da viscose a cikin iska kafin carbonization da graphitization.
5. Fabric
5.1Tufafin bangon bangoRufe bangoFlat masana'anta don ado bango
5.2Gyaran fuskaHanyar saƙar yarn ko jujjuyawar da ba ta da kyau
5.3ƘwarƙaraWani masana'anta da aka yi da yadudduka da yawa sun haɗa kai da juna, wanda jagorar yarn da tsayin masana'anta gabaɗaya ba 0 ° ko 90 ° ba ne.
5.4Alamar yarnYarn tare da launi daban-daban da / ko abun da ke ciki daga yarn mai ƙarfafawa a cikin masana'anta, ana amfani da shi don gano samfurori ko sauƙaƙe tsari na yadudduka yayin gyare-gyare.
5.5Ƙarshen wakili na maganiWakilin haɗin gwiwa ya shafi samfuran fiber gilashin yadi don haɗa saman fiber ɗin gilashi tare da matrix resin, yawanci akan yadudduka.
5.6masana'anta UnidirectionalTsarin jirgin sama tare da bayyananniyar bambanci a cikin adadin yadudduka a cikin kwatancen warp da saƙa. ( ɗauki masana'anta da aka saka a matsayin misali).
5.7Fiber saƙa masana'antaAn yi yarn ɗin warp da yarn ɗin da aka yi da ƙayyadadden zaren fiber gilashin tsayi.
5.8Saƙar satinAkwai aƙalla yadudduka guda biyar da yadudduka a cikin cikakkiyar nama; Akwai ma'anar ƙungiyar (Longitude) ɗaya kaɗai akan kowace longitude (latitude); Fabric masana'anta tare da lambar tashi sama da 1 kuma babu mai rarraba gama gari tare da adadin yarn da ke yawo a cikin masana'anta. Wadanda ke da maki mai yawa sune satin warp, kuma wadanda ke da maki mafi yawan saƙar satin.
5.9Multi Layer masana'antaTsarin yadin da ya ƙunshi yadudduka biyu ko fiye na kayan iri ɗaya ko mabanbanta ta hanyar ɗinki ko haɗin sinadarai, wanda a ciki ake jera yadudduka ɗaya ko fiye a layi daya ba tare da wrinkles ba. Yadudduka na kowane Layer na iya samun daidaitawa daban-daban da yawa na layi daban-daban. Wasu sifofin Layer na samfur kuma sun haɗa da ji, fim, kumfa, da sauransu tare da kayan daban-daban.
5.10Non saƙa scrimCibiyar sadarwa mara saƙa da aka kafa ta hanyar haɗa yadudduka biyu ko fiye na layi daya tare da ɗaure. Yadin da ke cikin Layer na baya yana a kusurwa zuwa yarn a saman Layer na gaba.
5.11NisaNisa a tsaye daga farkon warp na zane zuwa gefen waje na warp na ƙarshe.
5.12Baka da saƙar bakaWani lahani na bayyanar wanda yarn ɗin ya kasance a cikin nisa na masana'anta a cikin baka.
Lura: Siffar siffa ta zaren baka ana kiranta baka warp, kuma kalmar da ta yi daidai da Turanci ita ce "bow".
5.13Tubing (a cikin Textiles)Nama tubular tare da lallausan nisa fiye da 100 mm.
Duba: bushing (5.30).
5.14Tace jakarTufafin launin toka wani abu ne mai siffar aljihu da aka yi ta hanyar magani mai zafi, yin ciki, yin burodi da kuma sarrafa shi, wanda ake amfani da shi don tace iskar gas da kawar da ƙurar masana'antu.
5.15Alamar sashi mai kauri da bakin cikiyaduddukaLalacewar ɓangarorin masana'anta masu kauri ko sirara waɗanda ke haifar da saƙa mai yawa ko sirara.
5.16Post gama masana'antaSa'an nan kuma ana haɗe ƙaƙƙarfan masana'anta tare da masana'anta da aka yi wa magani.
Duba: kyalle (5.35).
5.17Yakin da aka haɗaYadi mai yatsa ko zaren saƙa wani yadi ne da aka yi shi da gauraya zaren da aka murɗa da yadudduka na fiber biyu ko fiye.
5.18Hybrid masana'antaYadudduka da aka yi da yadudduka sama da biyu na gaske daban-daban.
5.19Yakin da aka sakaA cikin injinan sakar, aƙalla ƙungiyoyi biyu na yadudduka ana saka su daidai da juna ko kuma a wani kusurwa na musamman.
5.20Latex mai rufi masana'antaTufafin Latex (an ƙi)Ana sarrafa masana'anta ta hanyar tsomawa da shafa latex na halitta ko latex na roba.
5.21Yakin da aka haɗaAna yin yadudduka da yadudduka da kayan aiki daban-daban ko nau'ikan yadudduka daban-daban.
5.22Leno ya ƙareLalacewar bayyanar da yarn warp da ya ɓace a saman
5.23Yawan yawaYawan yawaAdadin yadudduka yadudduka a kowane tsayin raka'a a cikin jagorar weft na masana'anta, wanda aka bayyana a cikin guda / cm.
5.24Warp warpYarn da aka shirya tare da tsawon masana'anta (watau 0 ° shugabanci).
5.25Ci gaba da fiber saka masana'antaWani masana'anta da aka yi da zaruruwa masu ci gaba a cikin hanyoyin warp da weft.
5.26Tsawon BurrNisa daga gefen warp a gefen masana'anta zuwa gefen saƙa.
5.27Gray masana'antaTufafin da aka gama da shi ya faɗi ta hanyar sabulu don sake sarrafawa.
5.28Saƙa a filiYadudduka masu yatsa da saƙa ana saka su tare da masana'anta na giciye. A cikin cikakkiyar ƙungiya, akwai yadudduka na yadudduka biyu.
5.29Yakin da aka riga aka gamaFabric da gilashin fiber yarn dauke da yadi roba jika wakili a matsayin albarkatun kasa.
Duba: wakilin jika (2.16).
5.30Casing barciNama mai tubular tare da lallausan faɗin da bai wuce mm 100 ba.
Duba: bututu (5.13).
5.31masana'anta na musammanKiran da ke nuna siffar masana'anta. Mafi yawanci sune:
- "safa";
- "spirals";
- "preforms", da dai sauransu.
5.32Karɓar iskaKarfin iska na masana'anta. Adadin da iskar gas ke wucewa a tsaye ta cikin samfurin ƙarƙashin ƙayyadadden yankin gwaji da bambancin matsa lamba
An bayyana a cikin cm / s.
5.33Filastik mai rufi masana'antaAna sarrafa masana'anta ta hanyar tsoma murfin PVC ko wasu robobi.
5.34Filastik mai rufi allonnet mai rufiSamfuran da aka yi da masana'anta na raga da aka tsoma da polyvinyl chloride ko wasu robobi.
5.35Ƙarfafa masana'antaFabric sanya da launin toka kyalle bayan desizing.
Dubi: Tufafin launin toka (5.27), samfuran desizing (2.33).
5.36Flexural taurinRigidity da sassauci na masana'anta don tsayayya da nakasar lankwasa.
5.37Cika yawaYawan saƙar fataAdadin yarn saƙa a kowane tsayin raka'a a cikin jagorar warp na masana'anta, wanda aka bayyana a cikin guda / cm.
5.38SaƙaYadin da ke gabaɗaya a kusurwoyi daidai zuwa warp (watau 90 ° shugabanci) kuma yana tafiya tsakanin bangarorin biyu na zane.
5.39Rage son zuciyaAlamun bayyanar da saƙar a kan masana'anta yana karkata ne kuma ba daidai ba ga warp.
5.40Saƙa da yawoYadudduka da aka yi da motsi maras karkatarwa.
5.41Tef ba tare da lalata baNisa na masana'anta gilashin yadi ba tare da ɓata ba ba zai wuce 100mm ba.
Dubi: kunkuntar masana'anta kyauta (5.42).
5.42kunkuntar masana'anta ba tare da selvages baFabric ba tare da selvage ba, yawanci ƙasa da 600mm a faɗin.
5.43Za a saƙaSaƙar masana'anta wanda maki saƙar warp ko saƙa ke samar da sifar diagonal mai ci gaba. Akwai aƙalla yadudduka guda uku da yadudduka a cikin cikakkiyar nama
5.44Tef tare da selvageYakin gilashin yadi tare da selvage, nisa bai wuce 100mm ba.
Duba: selvage kunkuntar masana'anta (5.45).
5.45kunkuntar masana'anta tare da selvagesWani masana'anta tare da selvage, yawanci ƙasa da 300 mm a faɗin.
5.46Idon kifiƘananan yanki akan masana'anta wanda ke hana guduro ciki, lahani da tsarin guduro ya haifar, masana'anta, ko magani.
5.47Gizagizai masu saƙaTufafin da aka saka a ƙarƙashin rashin daidaiton tashin hankali yana hana rarraba kayan saƙar iri ɗaya, wanda ke haifar da lahani na ɓangarori masu kauri da sirara.
5.48CreaseTambarin zanen fiber gilashin da aka samu ta hanyar jujjuyawa, mai rufawa ko matsa lamba a maƙarƙashiya.
5.49Saƙaƙƙen masana'antaYadudduka mai laushi ko tubular da aka yi da zaren fiber na yadi tare da zoben da aka haɗa a jere tare da juna.
5.50Sako da masana'anta saƙa scrimTsarin jirgin da aka kafa ta hanyar saƙa yadudduka da yadudduka masu faɗin tazara.
5.51Ginin masana'antaGabaɗaya yana nufin ƙarancin masana'anta, kuma ya haɗa da ƙungiyarsa a cikin ma'ana mai faɗi.
5.52Kauri na masana'antaMatsakaicin nisa tsakanin saman biyu na masana'anta da aka auna ƙarƙashin ƙayyadadden matsa lamba.
5.53Ƙididdigar masana'antaYawan yadudduka da tsayin raka'a a cikin warp da kwatance na masana'anta, wanda aka bayyana azaman adadin yadudduka / cm × Yawan yarn yatsa / cm.
5.54kwanciyar hankali na masana'antaYana nuna ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa na warp da saƙa a cikin masana'anta, wanda aka bayyana ta ƙarfin da aka yi amfani da shi lokacin da aka cire yarn a cikin samfurin samfurin daga tsarin masana'anta.
5.55Nau'in ƙungiyar saƙaTsarin maimaitawa na yau da kullun wanda ya ƙunshi warp da saƙar saƙar saƙa, kamar su a fili, satin da twill.
5.56LalacewarRashin lahani akan masana'anta wanda ke raunana ingancinsa da aikinsa kuma yana shafar bayyanarsa.
6. Resins da Additives
6.1Mai kara kuzariMai sauriAbun da zai iya hanzarta amsawa a cikin ƙaramin adadin. A ka'ida, sinadarai Properties ba za su canza ba har zuwa karshen dauki.
6.2Maganin warkewawarakaTsarin juyar da prepolymer ko polymer zuwa abu mai tauri ta hanyar polymerization da / ko crosslinking.
6.3Bayan maganiBayan gasaGasa abin da aka ƙera na kayan zafin jiki har sai ya warke gaba ɗaya.
6.4Matrix resinAbun gyare-gyare na thermosetting.
6.5Haɗin haɗin kai (fi'ili) hanyar haɗin kai (fi'ili)Ƙungiya da ke samar da covalent na intermolecular ko ionic bond tsakanin sarƙoƙin polymer.
6.6Haɗin kaiTsarin samar da covalent ko ionic bond tsakanin sarƙoƙin polymer.
6.7NitsewaTsarin da ake yiwa polymer ko monomer allura a cikin wani abu tare da raɗaɗi mai kyau ko mara kyau ta hanyar kwararar ruwa, narkewa, yaduwa ko rushewa.
6.8Gel lokaci gel lokaciLokacin da ake buƙata don samar da gels a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadadden yanayin zafin jiki.
6.9ƘaraWani abu da aka ƙara don inganta ko daidaita wasu kaddarorin polymer.
6.10FillerAkwai inert inert abubuwa da aka ƙara zuwa robobi don inganta ƙarfin matrix, halayen sabis da iya aiki, ko don rage farashi.
6.11Bangaren launiWani abu da ake amfani dashi don canza launin, yawanci mai kyau granular kuma maras narkewa.
6.12Rayuwar tukunyar ranar ƙarewarayuwar aikiLokacin lokacin da guduro ko mannewa ke riƙe da sabis ɗin sa.
6.13Wakilin mai kauriƘarin da ke ƙara danko ta hanyar halayen sinadaran.
6.14Rayuwar rayuwarayuwar ajiyaA ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun sharuɗɗan, kayan har yanzu suna riƙe da halayen da ake tsammani (kamar aiwatarwa, ƙarfi, da sauransu) don lokacin ajiya.
7. Molding fili da prepreg
7.1 Gilashin Fatar Gilashin Gilashin Gilashin Gilashin Gilashin Glast
7.2 Unidirectional prepregs Tsarin Unidirectional wanda aka yi masa ciki tare da thermosetting ko tsarin resin thermoplastic.
Lura: tef mara waya mara jagora nau'in prepreg ce ta unidirectional.
7.3 Ƙananan raguwa A cikin jerin samfurin, yana nufin nau'in tare da raguwar layi na 0.05% ~ 0.2% yayin warkewa.
7.4 Matsayin lantarki A cikin jerin samfura, yana nuna nau'in da yakamata ya sami takamaiman aikin lantarki.
7.5 Reactivity Yana nufin matsakaicin gangara na aikin lokacin zafin jiki na cakuda thermosetting yayin amsawar warkewa, tare da ℃ / s azaman naúrar.
7.6 Halayen warkewa Lokacin warkewa, haɓakar zafi, warkar da raguwa da net ɗin raguwar cakudawar zafin jiki yayin gyare-gyare.
7.7 Kauri gyare-gyare fili TMC Sheet gyare-gyare fili tare da kauri fiye da 25mm.
7.8 Cakuda Haɗaɗɗen nau'ikan nau'ikan polymers ɗaya ko fiye da sauran abubuwan sinadirai, kamar masu filaye, masu yin filastik, masu kara kuzari da masu launi.
7.9 Abin ciki mara komai Rabon ƙarar mara amfani zuwa jimillar ƙara a cikin abubuwan da aka haɗa, wanda aka bayyana azaman kashi.
7.10 Babban gyare-gyare na BMC
Abu ne mai katanga wanda ya ƙunshi matrix resin, yankakken fiber ƙarfafa da takamaiman filler (ko babu filler). Ana iya gyare-gyare ko yin allura a ƙarƙashin yanayin matsi mai zafi.
Lura: ƙara kauri na sinadarai don inganta danko.
7.11 Pultrusion Karkashin ja na kayan aikin, ci gaba da zaren fiber ko samfuransa da aka haɗa tare da ruwan guduro mai mannewa suna mai zafi ta hanyar ƙirar ƙira don ƙarfafa guduro kuma a ci gaba da samar da tsarin ƙirƙirar bayanan martaba.
7.12 Sassan da aka ƙera Dogayen samfuran abubuwan da aka haɗe da aka samar ta ci gaba ta hanyar pultrusion yawanci suna da yanki da siffa akai-akai.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 15-2022